Unit 7: Forces & Motion Brain Gym Goals I will confidently and accurately answer all questions for……

Brain Gym Goals: force & motion (8)  Force, motion, and energy. The student knows force and motion are related to potential and kinetic energy. The student is expected to: (A)  compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy; (B)  identify and describe the changes in position, direction, and speed of an object when acted upon by unbalanced forces; (C)  calculate average speed using distance and time measurements; (D)  measure and graph changes in motion; and (E)  investigate how inclined planes and pulleys can be used to change the amount of force to move an object.

Brain Gym Goals: Science Fair Guidelines (A)  plan and implement comparative and descriptive investigations by making observations, asking well-defined questions, and using appropriate equipment and technology; (B)  design and implement experimental investigations by making observations, asking well-defined questions, formulating testable hypotheses, and using appropriate equipment and technology; (C)  collect and record data using the International System of Units (SI) and qualitative means such as labeled drawings, writing, and graphic organizers; (D)  construct tables and graphs, using repeated trials and means, to organize data and identify patterns; and (E)  analyze data to formulate reasonable explanations, communicate valid conclusions supported by the data, and predict trends.

Scientific Method What can you add to this diagram? Refer to your science log each time you understand more and record the info.

Speed Calculate Average Speed Motion is measured by speed. S= D/T Speed equals total distance divided by total time What are the variables for speed? What are the units for speed? Motion is measured by speed. Speed is a rate.

Graphing Skills Variable: able to change, the “what” Unit: “how” the variable is measured Ordered pair: 2 numbers that are used to make a plot on graph What is missing on this graph??

Hypothesis A hypothesis is an educated guess about how things work. "If __________, then __________ will happen. It is a cause and effect statement. It is a solution to a problem.

Question Hypothesis What do cats need to be healthier? Giving cats a vitamin supplement will make them healthier. What is the effect of friction when using an inclined plane? The greater the ramp height, the greater the friction to overcome. What kite shape flies the best? How to make the strongest fishing lines? What is the effect of changing the length of the handle of a crank handle? Which lawn sprinkler works best? What size gear is best for heavy loads?

Variable Able to change the results of an experiment. The “What” The pictures represent which variables?

UNIT The “how” A symbol or word Day, month, seconds, minutes, year, decade cm, miles, km, light-year, mm, inch grams, kg, mg N (Newton) Pounds, ounces, tons oC, oF, K mL, L The “how” how the variable is measured A symbol or word Use tools such as: meter stick stopwatch thermometer