What’s the MATTER, Properties of Matter

Matter, Properties of Matter At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. Explain the difference between the extensive and intensive properties and other types of properties 2. Distinguish between a physical property and chemical property

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The Nature of Matter Chemists are interested in the nature of matter and how this is related to its atoms and molecules. GoldMercury

Chemistry & Matter  We can explore the MACROSCOPIC world — what we can see —  to understand the PARTICULATE worlds we cannot see.  We write SYMBOLS to describe these worlds.

A Chemist’s View 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) --> 2 H 2 O(g) MacroscopicMacroscopic SymbolicSymbolic ParticulateParticulate

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Properties of Matter  2 Types: Extensive – depend on the amount of the sample Always involves a number with unit Examples =volume mass length

Properties of Matter (cont.) Intensive – does not depend on the amount of the sample Usually does not involve a number Examples =density melting, boiling point malleability ductility color odor

Properties  Every substance has a unique set of properties (characteristics that identify that substance)  Physical Properties- Properties that can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance

Physical Property Examples- Color Odor Density Melting Point Boiling Point Hardness Solubility

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Graphite — this layer structure of carbon atoms reflects its physical properties. List Some Physical Properties of:

Chemical Properties  Properties that describe the way a substance may change to form other substances  Only observed when a chemical reaction takes place

Chemical Property Examples  Combustible  Reactive with water or acid  Flammable  Corrosive  Decomposes in air

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Physical vs. Chemical Properties  Physical Properties- Properties that can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance  Chemical Properties- Properties that can be measured by changing the identity and composition of the substance

Matter, Properties of Matter Let’s see if you can: 1. Explain the difference between the extensive and intensive properties and other types of properties 2. Distinguish between a physical property and chemical property

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Properties of Matter  2 Types: Extensive – depends on the amount of the sample Intensive – does not depend on the amount of the sample

Physical vs. Chemical Properties  Physical Properties- Properties that can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance  Chemical Properties- Properties that can be measured by changing the identity and composition of the substance

Physical vs. Chemical Property  Examples: melts at 55 o F flammable will tear easily will dissolve in water will tarnish physical chemical physical chemical

 Examples: will rust mixture can be separated by boiling burns freezes at -20 o C can be crushed Physical vs. Chemical Properties chemical physical chemical physical

Familiar Saying A rotating lithoidal fragment never accrues lichen. A rolling stone gathers no moss!!