European Exploration of the Americas

Motives Each European nation that explored the Americas had a different motive for exploring Each European nation that explored the Americas had a different motive for exploring Each motive created different reactions from the Native Americans Each motive created different reactions from the Native Americans

Spanish Motives The Spanish came for the three “ Gs ” 1. GOD- Convert the Natives to Christianity 2. GOLD- Spain was competing to be the strongest and richest empire in the world 3. GLORY- Spanish conquistadors (conquerors) were famous heroes * The Spanish were very cruel in achieving its goals

French Motives The French came to America for the fur trade The French came to America for the fur trade France was the fashion capital of the world France was the fashion capital of the world The French were not interested in riches or land, they just wanted to be business partners with the Native Americas The French were not interested in riches or land, they just wanted to be business partners with the Native Americas Many Indians became allies with the French Many Indians became allies with the French

English Motives The English wanted LAND The English wanted LAND In England, only the rich and noble owned land In England, only the rich and noble owned land Land ownership was not understood by the Natives Land ownership was not understood by the Natives This caused the GREATEST CONFLICT between Natives and Europeans. This caused the GREATEST CONFLICT between Natives and Europeans.

Spanish Exploration of the Americas

Christopher Columbus

In 1492, Christopher Columbus was financially sponsored by Spain to sail west from Europe In 1492, Christopher Columbus was financially sponsored by Spain to sail west from Europe Although Columbus was from Italy, he sailed for Spain Although Columbus was from Italy, he sailed for Spain Queen Isabella & King Ferdinand sponsored Columbus ’ voyages Queen Isabella & King Ferdinand sponsored Columbus ’ voyages

Columbus was hoping to find a westward shortcut to China for trade Columbus was hoping to find a westward shortcut to China for trade Instead, he actually landed in a new land, without ever knowing it Instead, he actually landed in a new land, without ever knowing it

Columbus actually explored the Caribbean Islands, including the Bahamas, “ Hispaniola ” (today ’ s Haiti & Dominican Republic) & Venezuela Columbus actually explored the Caribbean Islands, including the Bahamas, “ Hispaniola ” (today ’ s Haiti & Dominican Republic) & Venezuela Today, some still call the Caribbean the “ West Indies ” because Columbus though he was in India Today, some still call the Caribbean the “ West Indies ” because Columbus though he was in India

He called the people that he met “ Indios ” or Indians He called the people that he met “ Indios ” or Indians

French Exploration of the Americas

The French explored areas rich in animal pelts since they were here to further their fur trade The French explored areas rich in animal pelts since they were here to further their fur trade They settled in present day Louisiana, the Great Lakes, and Canada They settled in present day Louisiana, the Great Lakes, and Canada

European Settlement & Indian Tribes, 1750

The Seven Years War In 1754, the British and the French began the Seven Years War to determine who would rule in North America In 1754, the British and the French began the Seven Years War to determine who would rule in North America The French and Indian War was part of this longer war The French and Indian War was part of this longer war

The French and Indian War The French formed military alliances with many Native American tribes, due to their friendly trade relations The French formed military alliances with many Native American tribes, due to their friendly trade relations They utilized guerilla-type warfare They utilized guerilla-type warfare The British won all land east of the Mississippi River The British won all land east of the Mississippi River

Effects of the War The French loss was also considered a Native American loss The French loss was also considered a Native American loss Many tribes were punished for siding with the French Many tribes were punished for siding with the French Ottawa chief, Pontiac, was given small pox infected blankets by the British for having captured eight British forts during the war Ottawa chief, Pontiac, was given small pox infected blankets by the British for having captured eight British forts during the war

English Exploration of the Americas

An English Colony in America In 1585, Queen Elizabeth of England commissioned Sir Walter Raleigh to establish a colony in America In 1585, Queen Elizabeth of England commissioned Sir Walter Raleigh to establish a colony in America One expedition came to America to explore the region, but limited supplies forced them to return to England One expedition came to America to explore the region, but limited supplies forced them to return to England

Sir Walter Raleigh

John White John White had been with the first attempted colony and was an artist who drew many pictures of the Natives he encountered John White had been with the first attempted colony and was an artist who drew many pictures of the Natives he encountered

The arriual of the Englishmen in Virginia

A weroan or great Lorde of Virginia

On of the chieff Ladyes of Secota.

On of the Religeous men in the towne of Secota.

A younge gentill woeman doughter of Secota.

A cheiff Lorde of Roanoac.

A chieff Ladye of Pomeiooc.

An ageed manne in his Winter garment.

Their manner of careynge the Childern and a tyere of the cheiffe Ladyes of the towne of Dasamonquepeuc.

The Coniuerer.

The manner of makinge their boates.

Their manner of fishynge in Virginia.

The brovvyllinge of their fishe ouer the flame.

Their seetheynge of their meate in earthen pottes.

Their sitting at meate.

Their manner of prainge vvith Rattels abowt te fyer.

Theirdanses vvhich they vse att their hyghe feastes.

Ther Idol Kivvasa.

The Tovvne of Pomeiooc.

The Tovvne of Secota.

The Tombe of their Werovvans or Cheiff Lordes.

The Marckes of sundrye of the Cheif mene of Virginia.

John White ’ s Colonists The colonists included women and children (including White ’ s pregnant daughter who gave birth to the first English child born in America, Virginia Dare) The colonists included women and children (including White ’ s pregnant daughter who gave birth to the first English child born in America, Virginia Dare) The colonists settled at Roanoke Island off the coast of NC The colonists settled at Roanoke Island off the coast of NC

Because the colonists arrived in mid-summer, it was too late to plant crops and they did not have enough food Because the colonists arrived in mid-summer, it was too late to plant crops and they did not have enough food John White returned to England for supplies & was to go back to Roanoke immediately John White returned to England for supplies & was to go back to Roanoke immediately

Before he left, the colonists agreed that if the settlers moved, they would leave markings indicating where they had moved Before he left, the colonists agreed that if the settlers moved, they would leave markings indicating where they had moved If they were in danger, they would leave a cross in a place easily seen If they were in danger, they would leave a cross in a place easily seen

When White arrived in England, they were at war with Spain and he was unable to return to Roanoke for three years When White arrived in England, they were at war with Spain and he was unable to return to Roanoke for three years When he returned, no one was there When he returned, no one was there They left no personal possessions They left no personal possessions The group became known The group became known as “ The Lost Colony ” as “ The Lost Colony ”

The letters “ CRO ” were carved on a tree The letters “ CRO ” were carved on a tree The word “ CROATOAN ” was carved on a gatepost The word “ CROATOAN ” was carved on a gatepost There was no cross found There was no cross found

Some say the colonists may have been adopted by a local Algonquian tribe, the Hatteras Some say the colonists may have been adopted by a local Algonquian tribe, the Hatteras There is a theory that their descendents are today ’ s Lumbee (some of the Lost Colony ’ s surnames included: Berrye, Brooke, Dare, Harris, Sampson, Scot, and Sutton) There is a theory that their descendents are today ’ s Lumbee (some of the Lost Colony ’ s surnames included: Berrye, Brooke, Dare, Harris, Sampson, Scot, and Sutton)

John Lawson John Lawson was commissioned to explore the interior of North Carolina in 1700 John Lawson was commissioned to explore the interior of North Carolina in 1700 He documented what he found in a book called A New Voyage to Carolina He documented what he found in a book called A New Voyage to Carolina He was very sympathetic and affectionate toward the Indians, but felt that whites were superior and that the Indians should become Christians He was very sympathetic and affectionate toward the Indians, but felt that whites were superior and that the Indians should become Christians In 1711, he was captured by the Tuscarora and executed by being burned In 1711, he was captured by the Tuscarora and executed by being burned