Ch.15-17 Study Guide Answers

Section 1 The ozone layer is located in the _______. Stratosphere

Section 1 As you move upward through the atmosphere, the temperature ____________________. Varies

Section 1 The Earth's atmosphere is divided into four layers based on _____________________. Temperature changes

Section 1 The _______________ is the atmospheric layer immediately above the troposphere Stratosphere

Section 1 The uppermost atmospheric layer is the _____________________. Thermosphere

Section 2 Near the Earth's surface, air is heated by _________________________. Conduction

Section 3 Most of the United States is located in which prevailing wind belt? Westerlies

Section 3 Wind occurs because air tends to move from regions of higher to lower _______________. Pressure

Section 3 Wind is created by differences in _______________________. Air pressure

Section 3 Each hemisphere has ________________ wind belts as a result of pressure differences. 3

Section 3 Describe land breezes. Air over the water is warmer, which creates an area of low pressure

Section 3 During the day, warm air from a valley moves upslope, creating a ___________________. Valley breeze

Section 4 ____________________ is the amount of water vapor or moisture in the air. Humidity

Section 4 What device measures relative humidity? Psychromoter

Section 4 Before condensation can occur, what must the relative humidity be? 100%

Section 5 A front that forms when a warm air mass is trapped between cold air masses and forced to rise is called ___________________. Occluded front

Section 5 A ____________________ air mass is a cold air mass that forms over the polar regions. Polar (P)

Section 5 To measure air pressure most accurately, you should use a mercury __________________. Barometer

Section 5 A ________________ air mass is a dry air mass that forms over land. Continental (c)

Section 5 ________________ occurs when a cold air mass meets and displaces a warm air mass. Cold front

Section 6 What device is used to measure wind speed? Anemometer

Section 7 The tilt of Earth as it orbits around the sun causes ____________________. Different seasons

Section 7 What climate zone has the coldest average temperature? Polar

Section 7 Climate zones are determined by ____________________. Temperature ranges

Section 7 If one side of a mountain resembles a dry desert, we call this a __________________. Rain shadow

Section 7 As elevation increases, atmosphere becomes _____________________. Less dense and temperature decreases

Section 8 What biome contains the greatest number of plant and animal species? Rain forest

Section 8 The polar regions receive almost 24 hours of daylight in the _______________. Summer

Section 8 During our winter months, the Southern Hemisphere has ________________. High temperatures, longer days

Section 8 What biome tends to be very hot in the daytime and very cold at night? Temperate desert