Trafficking in Human Beings TraffickingTrafficking

Trafficking definition  Recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons  By means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception….  For the purpose of exploitation prostitution, sexual exploitation, forced labour, slavery, removal of organs...

SupplydemandSupplydemand Supply and demand  Country of Origin  Supply  of potential victims  economic and other reasons  Country of Destination  Demand  by sex markets  by labor markets  by adoption markets

ProcessProcess Trafficking Process  Recruitment  Personal contacts  Agencies  Advertisements / Internet  Kidnapping / threats or violence  Transportation  Legal and illegal border crossing  Exploitation and circulation  Sexual exploitation  Forced labor  Illegal adoption  Marriage arrangements

LucrativeLucrative Lucrative business  Traffickers  low investments  no expertise required  high profits  lenient penalties  Potential victims  economic reasons  high expectations  false promises

StructureStructure Structure of trafficking groups  Small groups  less than 5 persons  professionals working together in recruitment, transportation and exploitation  no leader  Large groups  more than 10 persons 1. Core operations in countries of origin in supply side 2. Core operations in countries of destination in demand side 3. Control of both supply and demand

STRATEGYSTRATEGY Strategy to fight THB  To criminalize THB  To create specialized investigative units  To foster international cooperation (investigation / data collection)  To set up witness protection programmes  To better protect, assist and support victims  To increase cooperation between law enforcement / judicial authorities / immigrations offices / NGOs  To trace the assets of the criminals for freezing and confiscation  To develop awareness-raising campaigns in origin (future victims) and destination (future clients) countries.