Federalist Paradigm Washington & Adams

Origin Articles govt & Shays Rebellion Support stronger nat. gov political stability of republic depends on Washington

GEORGE WASHINGTON

Hamilton Goal – Gov’t should help grow commerce –Nat. Bank –Protective tariff –Promote manufacturing development Trade would make nation rich & prosperous Rich should lead & wealth will trickle down

Hamilton/Federalists Skeptical of Enlightenment & French Rev. Feared democracy Public order over individual freedom Today’s Republican Party –Economic growth –Order over rights

Jefferson/Republicans Not today’s Republican Party Max. amount of individual freedom Privileged elite the enemy Believed in Enlightenment –Man can better themselves Admired French Rev.

Didn’t like commerce –Merchants & bankers = money elite –Anti-democratic Agriculture over industry –Farmers self-sufficient, independent “Freedom” top belief of Democrats today –Individual rights over property rights

American Politics 1 Party for economic growth & public order 1 party emphasize social equality & individual freedom

1 st Term Strong executive branch Strong central govt. (Federalists) Hamilton’s Plan Judiciary Act –Elaborate federal court system –Supreme Court Land Act 1796 – high prices to discourage development

England-France War Federalist support England Republicans support France Washington - neutrality US show of force at Fallen Timbers & PA

1795 Jay’s Treaty GB leaves forts US trade w/ some parts of empire Republicans think we were shortchanged –Don’t accept neutrality right at sea –Washington believed it was the best we could do. (GB had more power)

Washington Executive privilege Diplomacy Farewell Address 2 terms

JOHN ADAMS

Tried to maintain neutrality Relations w/France deteriorated after Jay’s Treaty US ships attacked

XYZ Affair French demand bribes Anger at home. Repeal Franco-American Treaty

Quasi-War w/ France Hamilton calls for stronger central govt (opportunist) Adams prepares for war –New ships, fortify harbors, new taxes Republicans horrified –France not real threat –Build up was to silent Rep. opposition

Republicans Fight Back Republican Press attacks Adams –Betrayed spirit & intent of Revolution –Favor new aristocracy Federalists believe attacks undermining political order

Alien & Sedition Acts Crime to criticize govt Many Republicans silenced before election Citizenship takes longer BIG MISTAKE!

France Adams makes peace w/ Napoleon Public unsettled –Taxation & military build up for war that never came

Election 1800 Jefferson challenges Adams & Federalists –Party of tyranny, militarism, taxation –Adams expanded fed. govt power –“reign of terror” Adams defeated = peaceful transition of power

Federalist Paradigm 12 yrs – consistent economic & political policies Set focus on commerce Washington honest administration Bill of Rights, secured borders, solid foundation Mistakes – held on to hierarchy