Discrimination in the Gilded Age 1870’s-1900

Voter Discrimination End of ReconstructionEnd of Reconstruction –Compromise of 1877 Literacy TestsLiteracy Tests –Interpret passage from state constitution Poll TaxPoll Tax –Low fee kept both poor whites and African- Americans from voting Grandfather clauseGrandfather clause –Your grandfather had to be registered to vote

Segregation Black CodesBlack Codes –Restricted Civil Rights Jim Crow LawsJim Crow Laws –De Jure Segregation Plessy v. Ferguson 1896Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 –Separate but equal accommodations legal

Race Relations Racial EtiquetteRacial Etiquette LynchingLynching –Vigilante justice; Mostly for “rapes” Discrimination in NorthDiscrimination in North –De Facto Segregation

Booker T. WashingtonBooker T. Washington –Founded Tuskegee Institute –Gradual Improvement –Seek Economic Independence –Vocational training W.E.B DuBoisW.E.B DuBois –Harvard Educated –Demanded full and equal rights now –Founding member of the NAACP

Other Discrimination IrishIrish –Catholic ChineseChinese –Chinese Exclusion Act MexicanMexican –Migrant labor Non-Christian/Non-ProtestantNon-Christian/Non-Protestant –Hindu, Jewish, Catholic, Muslim