Physical Emotion Induction and its use in entertainment Ralph Kok 1, Joost Broekens 2 1 Media Technology Master programme, Leiden University, the Netherlands 2 Telematica Institute, Eindhoven, the Netherlands

Physical Emotion Induction  Ears: music  Eyes: images, montage  Mind: storyline  Body? CONCEPT ■■□□□□□□□□□□□□□□

Physical Emotion Induction  Vibrating game controllers  Moving theatre seats  Mimicking other input  Targeting specific emotions CONCEPT ■■■□□□□□□□□□□□□□

 William James “Emotion is a result of bodily changes”  Central network model (Philippot et al., 2002) Emotions & bodily changes Peripheral feedback Implicit process Physical Emotion Induction EMOTION ■■■■□□□□□□□□□□□□

 Facial expression Emotion-specific  Posture Relaxed vs. tense  Respiration Emotion-specific patterns  Temperature Negative affect Physical Emotion Induction MODALITIES  Pulse Arousal  Sweaty palms GSR  Scent Emotional memory ■■■■■□□□□□□□□□□□

 Difficult to map to specific emotions  Pleasure-Activation model (Russel, 2003) Physical Emotion Induction MODEL ■■■■■■□□□□□□□□□□

Physical Emotion Induction MODEL joyful content afraid sad pleasure arousal ■■■■■■■□□□□□□□□□

 Facial expression Hard to manipulate  Posture Influences arousal  Respiration Unclear P-A seperation  Temperature Influences pleasure Physical Emotion Induction EFFECT OF MODALITIES  Pulse Influences arousal  Sweaty palms Relates to arousal  Scent Too personal ■■■■■■■■□□□□□□□□

 Chair  Three modalities: Posture Pulse Temperature  Arduino I/O board, Processing, Max MSP Physical Emotion Induction IMPLEMENTATION ■■■■■■■■■□□□□□□□

Physical Emotion Induction IMPLEMENTATION ■■■■■■■■■■□□□□□□

“An emotionally charged multimodal experience will be subjectively experienced as being more intense when the physical states related to those emotions are induced than when this is not the case.” Physical Emotion Induction EXPERIMENT ■■■■■■■■■■■□□□□□

 20 participants  8 video fragments  With / without influence  Questionnaire Physical Emotion Induction EXPERIMENT ■■■■■■■■■■■■□□□□

 No significant effect on emotional intensity  Various issues Subtlety Video quality Questionnaire  But: selected model seems applicable! Physical Emotion Induction RESULTS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■□□□

Physical Emotion Induction RESULTS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■□□

Physical Emotion Induction RESULTS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■□

 Scale  Questionnaire  Separate modalities  Subtlety of influence! Physical Emotion Induction FUTURE WORK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■