P.O. Box 2 Charlbury Oxon OX7 3PD UK Tel: 44(0)1608 810334 Fax: 44(0)1608 811486 Presented at Bath University, March 1 st.

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P.O. Box 2 Charlbury Oxon OX7 3PD UK Tel: 44(0) Fax: 44(0) Presented at Bath University, March 1 st Automotive Fuel Economy and the IVT F.G.Perry Perbury Engineering Ltd. Eur.Ing, C.Eng, M.I.Mech.E, M.R.Ae.S

Perbury Engineering Ltd. OUTLINE Single Regime IVT (Infinitely Variable Transmission) Fundamental Power Requirements Perbury Multi-Regime IVT Engine Optimum Operating Line Typical Fuel Consumption Bath University/NREL Simulation Predictions for Perbury IVT Summary – How to increase MPG Conclusions

Perbury Engineering Ltd. Typical 2000 lb, 70 bhp car

Perbury Engineering Ltd. Engine Fuel Map and Vehicle Gearing Engine RPM – 000s Torque – lb ft MPH Mph/1000 rpm Max Power g/kW.h Maximum Torque

Perbury Engineering Ltd. Single Regime IVT

Perbury Engineering Ltd.

Reverse

Perbury Engineering Ltd. Reverse

Perbury Engineering Ltd. Engine Fuel Map and Vehicle Gearing Engine RPM – 000s Torque – lb ft MPH Mph/1000 rpm Max Power g/kW.h Optimum Line Maximum Torque With efficiencies

Perbury Engineering Ltd.

2000 Honda Insight Hybrid

Perbury Engineering Ltd.

Introduction to ADVISOR ADVISOR, NRELs ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR, is a set of model, data, and script text files for use with Matlab and Simulink. It is designed for quick analysis of the performance and fuel economy of conventional, electric, and hybrid vehicles. ADVISOR also provides a backbone for the detailed simulation and analysis of user defined drivetrain components, a starting point of verified vehicle data and algorithms from which to take full advantage of the modeling flexibility of Simulink and analytic power of Matlab. ADVISOR was preliminarily written and used in November Since then, it has been modified as necessary to help manage the US DOE Hybrid Vehicle Propulsion System subcontracts. Only in January 1998 was a concerted development effort undertaken to clean up and document ADVISOR. Since then, researchers at Chrysler Corp. General Motors Corp. AlliedSignal Automotive Argonne National Laboratory Naval Research Laboratory University of California-Davis University of Maryland University of Illinois-Urbana/Champaign and other research institutions have used ADVISOR to predict the performance of their vehicles, do studies on the effect of control strategy on emissions and fuel use, among other things.

Perbury Engineering Ltd. MPG vs Minimum Engine RPM Minimum Engine Speed - RPM SC03 FTP US06 HWFET Modified Min. Engine RPM UK MPG

Perbury Engineering Ltd. Feasible Used in the simulation

Perbury Engineering Ltd.

How to increase miles per gallon ONLY AN IVT CAN DO ALL THIS AND STILL BE SMOOTHLY DRIVABLE Reduce engine speeds by high vehicle gearing For a given transmission, select the final drive ratio to suit the vehicle speeds during bypass After attaining maximum overdrive, bypass the rolling assembly Keep to a chosen engine optimum line but allow for transient departures

Perbury Engineering Ltd. Changing from fixed ratios to IV can indeed increase MPG An additional benefit - cars and traffic can be quieter as well Simulation increases are approximately 20% better than the Honda Insight Hybrid and 30% better than the 5-speed manual Even greater increases than this seem to be possible Conclusions