Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

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Presentation transcript:

Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages:

Europe in the 6c

Power of the Medieval Church  bishops and abbots played a large part in the feudal system.  the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe.  tried to curb feudal warfare  only 40 days a year for combat.  curb heresies  crusades; Inquisition  tithe  1/10 tax on your assets given to the church.  Peter’s Pence  1 penny per person [paid by the peasants].

Romanesque Architectural Style e Rounded Arches. e Barrel vaults. e Thick walls. e Darker, simplistic interiors. e Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

Charlemagne: 742 to 814

Charlemagne’s Empire

Pope Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

The Carolingian Renaissance

Carolingian Miniscule

Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses: Treaty of Verdun, 843

FeudalismFeudalism Political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.

Chivalry: A Code of Honor and Behavior

Medieval Manor

Evolution of England’s Political System Evolution of England’s Political System  Henry I:  William’s son.  set up a court system.  set up dept. of royal finances.  Henry II:  established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom.  grand jury.  trial by jury.

Magna Carta, 1215  King John I  “Great Charter”  monarchs were not above the law.  kings had to consult a council of advisors.  kings could not tax arbitrarily.

Beginnings of British Parliament  Great Council:  middle class merchants, townspeople [burgesses in Eng., bourgeoisie in Fr., burghers in Ger.] added at end of 13 cent.  eventually called Parliament  by 1400, two chambers evolved: o House of Lords  nobles & clergy o House of Commons  knights & burgesses

Notre Dame Gothic Architectural Style eFlying buttresses ePointed arches eHigh, narrow vaults eThinner walls eStained-glass windows eElaborate, ornate, airier interiors

Pope Urban II: Preaching a Crusade Pope Urban II: Preaching a Crusade

Christian Crusades: East and West

Medieval Trade

Medieval Guilds Guild Hall   Commercial Monopoly:  C ontrolled membership apprentice  journeyman  master craftsman  Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece].  Controlled prices