Industrial Revolution Industrialized Society

Quote of the Day The best way to predict the future is to invent it. - Alan Kay The best way to predict the future is to invent it. - Alan Kay

Change in Society

Growth of Cities Urbanization – period of city building and the migration from farms to cities Urbanization – period of city building and the migration from farms to cities Populations of cities began to exceed the millions Populations of cities began to exceed the millions

Living Conditions City plans City plans Sanitary codes Sanitary codes Building codes Building codes Poor housing Poor housing Poor Education Poor Education Poor Police protection Poor Police protection Unpaved streets with no drains Unpaved streets with no drains Average life span – 17 years Average life span – 17 years

Working conditions

Working Conditions 14 hour days 14 hour days 6 days a week 6 days a week Poor lighting and unsafe Poor lighting and unsafe No government aid or regulations No government aid or regulations

Middle Class Social class of skilled workers Social class of skilled workers Professionals Professionals Business people Business people Wealthy farmers Wealthy farmers Upper Middle Class – neither rich nor poor Upper Middle Class – neither rich nor poor Lower Middle Class – skilled workers, printers, and mechanical drafters Lower Middle Class – skilled workers, printers, and mechanical drafters

Positive Effects Created jobs Created jobs Nations became wealthier Nations became wealthier Technological progress = Increased production Technological progress = Increased production Provided hope of improvement Provided hope of improvement

Global Impact Widen the gap between industrialized nations and non-industrialized nations Widen the gap between industrialized nations and non-industrialized nations Poor countries were viewed as a market for goods Poor countries were viewed as a market for goods Led to Imperialism Led to Imperialism

Transformation of Society Changed the lives of people in Western Europe and the U.S. Changed the lives of people in Western Europe and the U.S. Asia and Africa remained agricultural Asia and Africa remained agricultural Created opportunity for education and democratic participation Created opportunity for education and democratic participation

Philosophers of Industrialization Laissez Faire - owners of industry set working conditions without interference from the govt. Laissez Faire - owners of industry set working conditions without interference from the govt. French philosophers – criticized the ideas that governments were getting rich from heavy tariffs French philosophers – criticized the ideas that governments were getting rich from heavy tariffs Government regulations interfered with growth Government regulations interfered with growth HANDS OFF POLICY HANDS OFF POLICY

Philosophers Adam Smith -The Wealth Adam Smith -The Wealth of Nation Economic liberty guaranteed economic progress Malthus and Ricardo - Laissez-Faire capitalism Malthus and Ricardo - Laissez-Faire capitalism Capitalism - Money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making profit Capitalism - Money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making profit

Rise of Socialism

Karl Marx Marxism Marxism Communist Manifesto Communist Manifesto Industrial revolution enriched the wealthy and impoverished the poor Industrial revolution enriched the wealthy and impoverished the poor Predicted the workers will take over Predicted the workers will take over Predicted the capitalist system Predicted the capitalist system would destroy itself and society would take control

Communism Complete socialism Complete socialism Means of production would be owned by the people Means of production would be owned by the people All goods and services will be shared equally All goods and services will be shared equally

Union Movement Workers became fed up with the conditions Workers became fed up with the conditions Spoke for all the workers in a particular trade Spoke for all the workers in a particular trade Collective Bargaining – negotiations between workers and their employers Collective Bargaining – negotiations between workers and their employers Strike – refusal to work Strike – refusal to work Unions were looked at as a threat to social order and stability Unions were looked at as a threat to social order and stability

The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of blessings. The inherent virtue of socialism is the equal sharing of misery. The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of blessings. The inherent virtue of socialism is the equal sharing of misery. Churchill Churchill