Chapter 21 Fungi Honors Biology Spring 2009

Kingdom Fungi Eukaryotic Heterotrophic- external digestion/absorption –Saprobe- obtain food from decaying matter Cell walls- chitin Mostly multicellular

Structure of Fungi Hyphae- tiny filaments Mycelium- many hyphae together; makes “body” Fruiting body- reproductive structure

Mycelium Fruiting body Hyphae PAGE 528

Fungi Reproduction Asexual- –Hyphae breaks –Haploid spores Sexual- –Gametangium- structure that forms gametes

Classification of Fungi Zygomycota Common molds Example- black bread mold

Classification of Fungi Ascomycota Sac fungi Includes yeasts and some mushrooms

Classification of Fungi Basidiomycota Club fungi Most mushrooms

Classification of Fungi Deuteromycota Imperfect fungi (lack sexual reproduction) Includes Penicillium

Anatomy of a Mushroom Mushroom Dissection Lab Objective: To be able to identify the main components of a mushroom –Pileus (cap) –Scales –Lamellae (gills), –Stipe (stem or stalk) –Annulus (ring)

Fungi Ecology Helped plants colonize land –Recycle nutrients and stabilize soil Decomposers Symbiotic relationships Parasites and diseases

Symbiotic Relationships LichensMycorrhizae

Common Fungal Diseases Mycosis- general term describing fungal infections –Superficial –Cutaneous –Subcutaneous –Systemic

Ringworm Increased fungal growth– warm, moist environment Scaling, flaking, itching, “ring” pattern Occur on body, legs, arms, feet, scalp…

Athlete’s foot Increased fungal growth– warm, moist environment Scaling, flaking, itching Antifungal cream

Yeast Infection Overgrowth of yeast Redness, itching, soreness, white discharge Occur in mouth, throat, genitals Oral antifungal medication and probiotics