Generally speaking, water is a colorless, transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid that forms the seas, lakes, rivers, and rain and is the basis of the fluids of living organisms.

Chemically speaking, water is made up of two hydrogen atoms bonded with one oxygen atom 2H + (g) + O 2- (g)  H 2 O (l)

Water dissolves more substances than any other liquid, and has therefore been nicknamed “the universal solvent.”

-The human body is 75 % water -Water makes up 50 ~ 90% of the weight of living things -Water contains no calories and can serve as an appetite suppressant -Water also helps the body metabolize stored fat

Used for drinking, cooking, bathing, washing, cleaning, agricultural cultivation, farming, transportation, living and electricity Helps us from dehydration To maintain stable internal body environment Important organs like the kidneys, brain, and heart cannot function properly without water

-From the river -From the Deep Well -From springs

Reasons why water is not safe for drinking : pollution from chemical factories pollution from the rubbish excessive mineral deposits old leaking pipes that contain rusted iron

Water needs to be purified before it can be safely consumed.

Water purification generally means freeing water from any kind of impurity it contains, such as contaminants or micro organisms

Aeration In some water treatment plants, the first step is aeration. First, raw water goes to aeration tanks where large quantities of air are injected into, and bubble through the raw water. Aeration can reduce tastes and odors and can oxidize soluble iron.

Flash Mixing The next step after aeration is flash mixing. One or more chemicals are mixed into the raw water to neutralize or remove specific impurities found in the raw water

Flocculation After flash mixing, the mixing of the chemicals and the raw water continues but at a slower pace. The added chemicals react with the impurities in the raw water and remove the dissolved impurities by reacting with the impurities and forming small particles of solid matter suspended in the water

Settling Gravity and time are all that is needed to remove the flock from the water. The water is sent to a clarifier (settling basin) where the flock is allowed to settle out of the water

Filtration Allowing the partially treated water to settle may remove some, but not all, of the floc. The water usually is then filtered through sand to remove remaining solids

Additives Additional chemicals may be mixed in the water before it leaves the water treatment plant. Chlorine is usually added at this time, not only to disinfect the water but to provide a level of chlorine sufficient to help prevent future growth of pathogens

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