1. IT IS THE PROCESS OF REMOVING IMPURITIES OF RAW WATER TO BRING ITS QUALITY UP TO CERTAIN REQUIRED STANDARDS IS CALLED WATER TREATMENT.

2. TREATMENT METHODS 1. SCREENING 2. PLAIN SEDIMENTATION 3. SEDIMENTATION WITH CO- AGULATION 4. FILTERATION 5. AERATION & CHEMICAL TREATMENT 6. DIS-INFECTION

3.  THIS IS PRIMARY STAGE OF TREATMENT USED TO REMOVE LARGEST SIZE IMPURITIES…….  TYPESOF IMPURITIES REMOVED  FLOATING – BUSHES, DEAD ANIMALS, LEAVES, BRANCHES OF TREES ETC.  SUSPENDED – WOODEN PIECES, CLOTH PIECES ETC.

5.  IT IS THE PROCESS OF REMOVING THE SUSPENDED PARTICLES  IT IS OF PHYSICAL IN NATURE  IT IS BASED ON SETTLING THE HAVIER PARTICLES  IT IS POSSIBLE WITH THE SLOW SPEED OF WATER  THIS PROCESS TAKES PLACE IN TANKS CALLED SEDIMENTATION TANKS

6.  PLAIN SEDIMENTATION …………AGGREGATION OF IMPURITIES DONE WITH GRAVITATIONAL PULLS TO PARTICLES  SEDIMENTATION WITH COAGULATION …………..AGGREGATION OF IMPURITIES DONE WITH THE HELP OF OTHER CHEMICAL OR SUBSTANCE

7.  REDUCES THE LOAD ON NEXT PROCESSES  CLEANING COST OF COAGULATION REDUCED  IT IS SIMPLE & PHYSICAL IN NATURE  LESS QUANTITY OF CHEMICAL IS REQUIRED

8.  1. INTERMITTENT TANK  2. CONTINUOUS FLOW TYPE TANK

9.  THE PROCESS OF ADDING CERTAIN CHEMICALS TO RAW WATER IN ORDER TO FORM FLOC {INSOLUBLE GELATINOUS SUBSTANCE} FOR QUICK SEDIMENTATION AND REPID REMOVAL OF FINE PARTICLES IS CALLED SEDIMENTATION WITH COAGULATION  THESE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS ADDED ARE CALLED COAGULANTS

10.  ALUMINIUM SULPHATE – Al(SO 4 ) 3 18H 2 0 …..IS ALSO CALLED ALUM  -----BETTER RESULT  ------CHEAP IN COST  ------HAS NO CHLORINE DEMAND  -------COMMONLY USED IN PLANTS

11.  IRON SALTS ………………..FERROUS SULPHATE, FERRIC CHLORIDE, FERRIC SULPHATE CHLORINATED COPPERAS ………MIXTURE OF FERRIC SULPHATE & FERRIC CHLORIDE SODIUM ALUMINATE

12.  SOLUTION FEED DEVICES  DRY FEED DEVICES

13.  FLOW TYPE  MECHANICALLY AGITATED

15.  THE PROCESS OF PASSING THE RAW WATER THROUGH A THICK LAYER OF SAND AND GRAVEL WHICH ACT AS A STRAINER IS CALLED FILTERATION

16.  1 MECHANICAL STRAINING  2 SEDIMENTATION  3 ABSORPTION  4 BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY  5 ELECTROLYTIC ACTION

17.  SLOW SAND FILTER  RAPID GRAVITY SAND FILTER

18.  TO KILL THE BECTERIAL INFECTION

19.  TO REMOVE DISSOLVED GASES OTHER THAN OXYGEN & NITROGEN TO GET THE WATER FREE FROM ONPLEASANT ODOUR & TASTE  ……. IT IS DONE BY INJECTING FOUNTAIN OF AIR INTO THE WATER