MEASUREMENT Distance, Mass, Volume, and Density

English System vs. Metric System English: –No consistency between units –Inches, feet, miles, pounds, and quarts Metric: –Based on number 10 –Just multiply or divide by 10 –Called Systeme Internationale d’Unites (International System or SI) –Used in all sciences for measurement

Prefixes milli- –Means “less than” the whole unit –One one-thousandth of the base unit –Ex: milligram is less than a gram centi- –Means “less than” the whole unit –One one-hundredth of the base unit –Ex: centimeter is less than a meter kilo- –Means “more than” the whole unit –One thousand times the base unit –Ex: kilometer is a thousand meters

Distance How far it is between two different places Base unit is meter (m) Kilometer (km) is 1000 meters and is used for long distances Centimeter (cm) is.01 meters Millimeter (mm) is.001 meters Ex: Distance from Schaumburg H.S. to Woodfield Mall miles or 8.27 kilometers

Distance Example: Question: If the distance of my desk is 120cm, how many mm is that? Answer: 1200mm

Mass Amount of matter an object contains Base unit is gram (g) Kilogram (kg) is 1000 grams and is used for heavy objects Milligram (mg) is.001 grams, so 1 gram=1000 milligrams Ex: Mass of 1 male African elephant- 15,432 pounds or 7000 kilograms

Mass Example: Question: If a cow weighs 1000 kg, how many grams does it weigh? Answer: 1,000,000 g

Volume Amount of space an object occupies Solid –Measured in cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) –Multiply length x width x height Liquid –Measured in liters (L) 1 liter=1000 milliliters One cubic centimeter is equal to one milliliter (mL) Ex: The human body needs approximately 10.6 cups or 2.5 liters of water daily

Volume Example 1: Question: If a bottle of pop is 2000 mL, how many liters is it? Answer: 2 L

Volume Example 2: Question: If an object has the dimensions of 20cm high, 20cm wide, and 20cm long, what is the objects volume in mL? Answer: 8000cm 3 or 8000mL

Density Dividing an object’s mass by its volume Unit of measurement is g/mL An item with higher density is more dense An item with lower density is less dense Water has a density of 1g/mL Ex: Gold- has a density of 19.3g/mL

Density Example: Question: What is the density of an object that has a mass of 10 grams and a volume of 1000 mL? Answer:.01g/mL