NATIONAL AVIATION UNIVERSITY Institute of Air navigation Air Navigation Systems Department 1 Graduate work MASTER’S DEGREE THESIS « Using of surveillance systems for increasing aerodrome capacity » «Використання систем спостереження для підвищення пропускної здатності аеродрому» Completed by: Mikhaylichenko O.O. Supervisor: Bogunenko M.M. Kyiv 2015

PURPOSE: Investigation of the influence of surveillance systems to aerodrome capacity in Ukraine. INVESTIGATION object: Surveillance systems. INVESTIGATION subject: Aerodrome movement tracking systems 2

3 Tasks: Analize documents which determine aerodrome capacity Carry out mathematical calculations of elements of aerodrome capacity Use the MLAT system on the aerodrome Kharkov for observation of the movement

Actuality of work Aerodrome is the most intense point of the air traffic. The solution problems which influence on aerodrome capacity is vitally important task. Determination systems that support increase the capacity of the aerodrome with prescribed safe level. 4

Now the most widespread aids for air traffic monitoring are radar systems. They are divided into primary and secondary radars. New surveillance systems using Mode S transponder of aircraft, such as ADS-B, were developed within the last 10 years. The MLAT surveillance system (for observation in the terminal area and on the manoeuvring area) shows the best results in practical application. Introduction 5

MLAT system Multilateration (MLAT) is a navigation technique based on the measurement of the difference in distance to two stations at known locations that broadcast signals at known times. Unlike measurements of absolute distance or angle, measuring the difference in distance between two stations results in an infinite number of locations that satisfy the measurement. 6

MLAT in Ukraine In 2012, it installed and put into operation multilateration (MLAT) surveillance system in the approach area (CTR) and Zhulyany Airport Borispol, as well as the MLAT-control system of ground displacements Boryspil airport. The tests mentioned systems showed that they provide the required accuracy. 7

Implementation in Kharkiv aerodrome The capacity of the taxiway system is rarely, if ever, the capacity bottleneck of major airports however, some specific parts of the taxiway system may consistently act as “hot spots” (points of congestion), especially at older, limited-area airports. So we can calculate taxiway capacity in different conditions: Here, d-distance between aircrafts n-intensity V-speed of AC 8

For VMC we have: So the average speed of AC is km/h Average distance is m 9 Time interval it will be: n=100ac/h interval between AC, such intensity provides maximum capacity on aerodrome with one RW

10 n=25 Dependence of AC on time will be: Such movement will limit the capacity of the traffic For IMC (without surveillance aids) we have : This interval (distance between ACs) must be increase and decrease the speed which can cause conflict. V=10km/h d=400m

Installation MLAT system on Kharkiv aerodrome (proposition) 11

Coverage area monitoring with accuracy 25m 12

Conclusions The use of modern electronic systems MLAT will significantly improve the navigation performance of aircraft, increase the capacity of aerodrome will predict the awareness situations in the aerodrome. The use of these systems lies in the compensation of the individual navigation parameters in order to increase their technical characteristics. 13

Thank you for your attention! 14