16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar1 Current status on municipal solid waste amount and composition in Japan ○ Shinya Suzuki Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuoka University , Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, , Japan Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuoka University , Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, , Japan Contents 1. Introduction 5. Rate of recycling 2. Law on solid waste management5-1 Complexity of waste management 3. Outline of solid waste flow 5-2 Variety of recycling 3-1 Direct material input 5-3 Definition of “Recycling” 3-2 Treated condition of solid waste 6. Change of waste composition 4. Annual amount of MSW 6-1 Change of numbers on aerosol 4-1 Composition of MSW in major cities 7. Conclusions Contents 1. Introduction 5. Rate of recycling 2. Law on solid waste management5-1 Complexity of waste management 3. Outline of solid waste flow 5-2 Variety of recycling 3-1 Direct material input 5-3 Definition of “Recycling” 3-2 Treated condition of solid waste 6. Change of waste composition 4. Annual amount of MSW 6-1 Change of numbers on aerosol 4-1 Composition of MSW in major cities 7. Conclusions

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar2 1. Introduction Population -127,000,000 person (2 times) Area -380,000 km 2 (almost same) Population -127,000,000 person (2 times) Area -380,000 km 2 (almost same) “Municipal Waste” (50 Mt/year) Business wastes General wastes Industrial waste (400 Mt/year) -each municipality -mostly incineration

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar3 2. Law on solid waste management Securing restriction of the generation of wastes and appropriate recycling and disposal of wastes. Promoting restriction of the generation of wastes and reuse and recycling of wastes. Recycling of containers and packaging was made obligatory of business parties that produce/use containers and packaging. Collection and recycling of waste electric household appliances was made obligatory of business parties that produce/sell electric household appliances. Sorted dismantling of a building and recycling of construction wastes were made obligatory of parties who receive orders for building construction. Restriction of the generation of leftover foods and recycling of foods were made obligatory of business parties that produce / sell foods, restaurants, etc. The National Government, etc., takes initiative in promoting procurement of reproduced products, etc.

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar4 Import （ Resource, Product ） Hidden flow (foreign, with import) Mined resource, (domestic) Direct Material Input; DMI O2,H2OO2,H2O Processing in business activity Net Additions to Stock; NAS Export Direct Processed Output; DPO Hidden flow (domestic) Total Domestic Output; TDO Stock 3. Outline of solid waste flow Total Material Required; TMR Hidden flow (domestic) (Source: Ministry of Environment)

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar Direct material input

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar Treated condition of solid waste (Source: Ministry of Environment)

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar7 4. Annual amount of MSW (Source: Ministry of Environment)

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar Composition of MSW in major cities (Source: Japan Environmental Sanitation Center) Biomass

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar9 5. Rate of recycling (Source: Ministry of Environment)

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar10 Site for waste collection Site for recycling (Private sector) (residential) (Self reducing) (For sell etc.) Recyclable Large scale waste Incombustible Combustible Recyclable Generation DisposeCollection/TransportationTreatment Company Site for waste Municipal Waste Municipality Incineration plant Crushing facility Sorting facility Business Waste 5-1. Complexity of waste management

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar Variety of recycling

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar12 Collection/Reproduction Reproduction (wide sense) Recycling (wide sense) = Recovery Reproduction (narrow sense) Collection Partial reuse Recycling (narrow sense) Material recycle Chemical recycle Thermal recycle 5-3. Definition of “Recycling”

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar13 1st change Home electrics 2nd change 6. Change of waste composition Incombustibles in Fukuoka city

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar Change of numbers on aerosol Incombustibles in Fukuoka city

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar15 Solid waste flow in Japan 7-1. Conclusions From foreign countries -Half of biomass -Most of metal, fossil From foreign countries -Half of biomass -Most of metal, fossil Treated condition -Treatment -Biomass, fossil -Recovery -Mineral, metal Treated condition -Treatment -Biomass, fossil -Recovery -Mineral, metal Municipal solid waste Annual amount (10 years) -50,000,000 (t/year) -1,100 (g/person/day) Annual amount (10 years) -50,000,000 (t/year) -1,100 (g/person/day) Composition (in Major cities) -80% biomass -Papers, raw garbage Composition (in Major cities) -80% biomass -Papers, raw garbage

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar16 Recycling 7-2. Conclusions Annual amount -Increased Annual amount -Increased Problems of data accumulation -Self reducing -Mixing of business waste -Insufficient data -private sector Problems of data accumulation -Self reducing -Mixing of business waste -Insufficient data -private sector Change of waste composition Ex. Incombustibles (Fukuoka) -Reduced dramatically -Changed dramatically Ex. Incombustibles (Fukuoka) -Reduced dramatically -Changed dramatically Numbers of aerosol -Increased dramatically Numbers of aerosol -Increased dramatically Variety of recycling -Separate collection system -Quality Variety of recycling -Separate collection system -Quality Definition of recycling More data accumulation, analysis, strategy construction,...

16/10/20031st Padova - Fukuoka Seminar17 Thank you for your attention.