1. Solid Waste Management Lilian Giertz

2. Overview  What is solid waste?  How does this affect us?  Current management practices  Future management possibilities  Discussion

3. What is solid waste?  Solid waste – anything we throw away or discard  Petruscible waste – animal and vegetable waste  Municipal solid waste (MSW) – garbage

4. Breakdown of MSW

5. How does this affect us?  2.1 kg per capita per day  767 kg per capita per year  Costs money  Land use  Lost resources

6. Current Procedure  Waste generation  Separation and collection  Central storage facility (if applicable)  Transport and disposal

7. Waste Generation  Industrial, commercial, and residential  Source Reduction:  Composting  Recycling  Reuse  Education and legislation

8. Separation

9. Collection  Curbside collection  Transport to processing facility

10. Transport  Directly to the landfill from the source  To processing plant for treatment  Shipped to landfill by train or truck

11. Disposal by Sanitary Landfill  Site selection  Public views  Soil conditions, topography, groundwater  Local roadways, traffic patterns  Cover material availability  Location specifics: seismic activity, flooding, etc

12. Disposal by Sanitary Landfill

13.  Monitor, collect, and treat leachate  Ammonia  Heavy metals  Hydrocarbons  Inorganic salts

14. Disposal by Sanitary Landfill  Harness methane gas  Hazardous to environment  Explosive when in contact with oxygen  Collect gas and purify for energy generation  Not 100% efficient

15. Current Process  Advantages  Low cost  Produce some energy  Relatively safe with monitoring

16. Current Process  Disadvantages  Land usage  Harmful leachate and gas production  Wasting usable materials

17. Future Management Possibilities  Incineration  Refuse-Derived Fuel Facilities – separation of the combustible materials from noncombustible parts  Gasification  Partial combustion using less oxygen to create energy

18. Refuse-Derived Fuel Facilities

20. Future Methods  Advantages  Create energy  Lower land usage  Better sort materials

21. Future Methods  Disadvantages  Currently inefficient  Costly  More difficult process

22. Discussion  Should new methods be used for solid waste management?  Is there a way to create a more efficient management practice?  Are there other things we should be doing to solve this problem?