 Book definition= Flat sheets of flexible connective tissue found covering parts of the body or lining body cavities.  This definition is not quite accurate because there are epithelial cells found in membranes as well that secrete substances. 1

 Mucous membranes: line body cavities exposed to the outside world.  Nasal and oral cavities  Reproductive and urinary tracts  Function to help keep exposed tissues from drying out and trap foreign particles 2

 Serous membranes: line body cavities that are not exposed to the outside world.  Ventral and dorsal cavities  Produce serous fluid (watery liquid) for lubrication  Function to surround and protect internal organs and hold them in place.  Serous fluid is found between the parietal and visceral layers. 3

 Synovial membranes: line the cavities of freely movable joints.  Secrete synovial fluid  Function to protect and lubricate a moveable joint. 4

 Muscle tissue is responsible for movement of the body or the movement of materials through the body.  Gross movement- Movement of the body such as running and walking  Transport movement- Movement of materials throughout the body such as food through the digestive tract. 5

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 Skeletal muscle is named for its location. It is attached to bones of the skeleton.  Made of long cells called muscle fibers that attach to bones by connective tissue (tendon). Do you remember what kind of connective tissue?  Muscle fibers in skeletal muscle are multinucleated.  The muscle fibers are cylindrically shaped.  Proteins within cells are organized creating striations (alternating light and dark bands).

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 Smooth muscle lines hollow internal structures such as blood vessels, airways to the lungs, the stomach, intestines, and bladder.  It constricts blood vessels, physically breaks down and moves food and moves fluid through the body.  Smooth muscle tissue is not striated.  The cells of smooth muscle have 1 nucleus.  The cells are long with tapered ends.

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 Cardiac muscle makes up the wall of the heart.  Cardiac tissue is striated.  Cardiac muscle fibers are y-branched and have 1 nucleus.  Cardiac muscle fibers are attached end to end by thickened membranes called intercalated disks. 11

12 intercalated disk nucleus striations

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 Nervous tissue is specially designed to generate and transmit electric impulses.  Neurons: The functional cell of the nervous system.  Sensitive to stimuli  Consist of a central body with extensions coming off of it.  Neuroglial cells: Cells that are used to support neurons.  Smaller and more numerous than neurons.  Cannot transmit electrical impulses. 20

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Nervous Tissue