1. 5.4 Muscle Tissues General Characteristics Generate force
Bring about movement
Generate heat
Composed of fibers called actin and myosin=myofilaments
Three types of muscle tissue
1. Skeletal
2. Smooth
3. Cardiac

2. 5.4 Muscle Tissues 1. Skeletal Muscle Tissue “the striated muscle”
Striped or banded muscle fiber
Mulitnucliated-nucleous at sides of muscle cell
Voluntary muscle tissue
Head, trunk, limbs
Enable facial expressions, write, talk, sing, chew, swallow, breathe

3. 5.4 Muscle Tissues 2. Smooth Muscle Tissue
Called “smooth” because there are no striations
One nucleus per cell
Spindle shaped cells
Involuntary control
Moves food through digestive system
Constricts blood vessels
Empties urinary bladder

4. 5.4 Muscle Tissues 3. Cardiac Muscle Tissue ONLY in the heart!!
One nucleus per cell
Cells are striated and branched
Intercalated discs
Velcro-like membrane surfaces where cells meet
Contain desmosomes (provide structural support) and gap junctions (allows rapid communication between cells, required for coordinated heart contraction).

5. 5.5 Nervous Tissue
Found in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.
Cell Types:
1. Neuron: generate and conduct impulses
Parts of a Neuron:
Dendrite: Carries message towards cell body
Cell body: Contains most of the cytoplasm and nucleus
Axon: Carries impulse away from the cell body

6. 5.5 Nervous Tissue Cell Types (continued)
2. Neuroglial Cells: Support and protect neurons
Parts of Neuroglial Cells:
Shwann Cells: produce myelin sheath around the PNS.
Synapse: gap between neurons
Neurotransmitter: chemical released by neuron to communicate with neuron across the synapse
*Myelin sheath=insulates nerve fibers for maximun rate of nerve impulse transmission

8. 5.6 Types of Membranes Made up of groups of tissues
1. Epithelial Membrane Tissues
Consist of epithelial tissue and underlying connective tissue
Three Types:
1. Mucous Membranes
2. Serous Membranes
3. Cutaneous Membranes

9. 5.6 Types of Membranes Three Types of Epithelial Membrane Tissue:
1. Mucous Membranes
Line interior walls of hollow organs that open to the outside of the body.
Consist of mucus secreting epithelium with underlying connective tissue
Function=protection
Examples:
Oral and nasal cavities (openings to the digestive and respiratory system)

10. 5.6 Types of Membranes Three Types of Epithelial Membrane Tissue:
2. Serous Membranes
Line cavities NOT exposed to external environment
Consists of simple squamous epithelium and underlying connective tissue
Cover internal organs
Parietal layer: lines wall of the body cavity
Viseral layer: covers internal organs
Function: lubricates to prevent friction
Examples:
Plural Membrane: around lung
Pericardial membrane: around heart
Peritoneal membrane: around intestines

11. 5.6 Types of Membranes Three Types of Epithelial Membrane Tissue:
3. Cutaneous Membranes
SKIN
Consist of stratified squamous epithelium and underlying connective tissue

12. 5.6 Types of Membranes 1. Synovial Membranes
Two types of Connective Tissue Membranes:
1. Synovial Membranes
Line freely moveable joints
Composed of ONLY connective tissue
Function: lubricate joints

13. 5.6 Types of Membranes Two types of Connective Tissue Membranes:
2. Meninges:
3 layers that cover the brain and spinal cord
Composed of ONLY connective tissue
Function: protect the brain and spinal cord