UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS The global view of culture Simon Ellis Head of Science Culture & Communications

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Economic approaches to culture l Creative industries è Eg Hong Kong Creativity index (but includes measures of social capital from World Values Survey) è IP l Satellite accounts è Convenio Andres Bello, (Chile and Colombia)

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS ‘Enhancing’ the economic model l The added value of culture è Identity è Gift giving and in kind contributions è Exchange value l Cultural assets è World heritage sites è Intangible assets

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Exchange; a developing country view l An assymetric view of markets and values. Is it ‘a bargain’? è Production for tourists or locals? è your culture or our culture? l How to ensure that cultural industries can be promoted to maximise their contribution to GDP? è Tourism & export or local

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS The creative chain

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS An emerging model? l Anchored in the international statistical framework; ISIC, ISOC, and CP l Transverse dimensions across all sectors relating to the dynamic creative/cultural process è Education; transmitting cultural values and breaking cultural barriers è Traditional knowledge; ‘authenticity’ and innovation, culture constantly changing è Assets and preservation; which also inspire new forms of content

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS How many dimensions? SICs nuanced by occupation and product classifications Arts Visual, fine, performing arts Heritage Natural Cultural Tangible and Intangible Audio- visual Film, video, new media Books & Press Production & Consumption l Employment l Value l Performances l Employment l Value l Employment l Value l No of titles l Employment l Value l No of titles Education l Enrolment l Performances in/by schools l Enrolment l Attendance (visitors, locals) l ICTs in education l School textbooks Traditional knowledge l Craft artisans l Story tellers l Festivals ($, attendance) l Intangible heritage (no of themes) l Biodiversity l Traditional knowledge on the Internet l Audio-visual documentation l Languages in print Archiving & preserving l Document centres l Conservation (jobs, $) l Film archives (volumes) l Libraries (volumes, transactions)

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Consumption/participation l Participation = consumption in OECD. In developing countries participants are often performers/producers too. l Well-being = leisure. Leisure does not exist in the developing world l UNESCO convention ‘diversity of expression’ & enjoyment of…

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Towards social impact l Goods and production – the basic statistical framework l Consumption – is it symmetrical with production? l Social capital – networks that help inspire production and link consumers with common values l Wellbeing – resulting from shared identity with community and ability/income to consume/produce appropriate cultural expressions

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Education; Bougainville, Papua New Guinea l A matrilineal society threatened by è alienation of land from ‘custodians’ è wage-based economy l Post-conflict situation leading to attempts to reinforce traditional values and authority – ‘kastom’ l A national HDR based on è The needs of youth è Basic skills & traditional knowledge l Incorporating traditional culture in education è The arts as the means for learning in ‘oral’ societies è The ‘story teller’ as the traditional educator

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Environment & well-being; Bhutan l Limit of 10,000 visitors a year & constitution of 60% forest coverage l Gross National Happiness l Sustainability of environment and local economics l Limited export potential l Limited local demand for potential export goods l Belief that well-being goes beyond GDP

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Crafts & Heritage; Uganda l Cultural assets è Tombs of the Buganda Kings l How to value? è CV techniques è Ranking l Traditional knowledge è Craftsmanship è food and nutrition è dress- è medicine è tools, instruments è ritual music

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS UIS actions l Update 1986 standard è Take account of internet & globalisation è Include education and developing country perspective as key changes l Encourage countries to survey consumption/participation as well as production l Work on ‘heritage’ as cultural asset