POLY ETHENE TETRAPHTHALATE ARPITHA and MAANUSHI

Polyethylene terephthalate, is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in synthetic fibres,beverage, food and other liquid containers, thermoforming applications, and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber. The majority of the world's PET production is for synthetic fibers (in excess of 60%), with bottle production accounting for around 30% of global demand. In the context of textile applications, PET is referred to by its common name, “polyester" whereas the acronym "PET" is generally used in relation to packaging. AKANKSHA

CHEMICAL FORMULA PET is produced by the polymerization of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. Ethylene glycol is a colourless liquid obtained from ethylene, and terephthalic acid is a crystalline solid obtained from xylene. When heated together under the influence of chemical catalysts, Ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid produce PET in the form of a molten, viscous mass that can be spun directly to fibres or solidified for later processing as a plastic. In chemical terms, ethylene glycol is a diol, an alchohol with a molecular structure that contains two hydroxyl (OH) groups, and terephthalic acid is a dicarboxylic aromatic acid, an acid with a molecular structure that contains a large, six-sided carbon (or aromatic) ring and two carboxyl (CO 2 H) groups. Under the influence of heat and catalysts, the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups react to form ester (CO-O) groups, which serve as the chemical links joining multiple PET units together into long-chain polymers. Water is also produced as a by-product. ARPITHA

The overall reaction can be represented as follows: ARPITHA

1.It has good physical properties of strength, ductility, stiffness and hardness. 2. Wear resistant 3. low coefficient of friction MAANUSHI

4. Based on how it is processed, PET can be semi- rigid to rigid, and it is very lightweight. 5. It is strong and impact resistant. 6.Polytehelene Terephthalate can be highly transparent and colourless but thicker sections are usually opaque and off- white. 7. Absorbs very little water. MAANUSHI

1.PET is spun into fibers for permanent-press. They can be molded into disposable beverage bottles, and extruded into photographic film. 2.It is used for making magnetic tapes,audio and video cassettes. 3.They are commonly used in industries for selling all kinds of soft drink oils and other food articles. PET GRANULES PET PRODUCTS PET BOTTLES ARIJEET

BOTTLE PROCESSING UNIT There are two basic molding methods for PET bottles, one-step and two-step. In two- step molding, two separate machines are used. The first machine injection molds the preform, which resembles a test tube, with the bottle-cap threads already molded into place. The body of the tube is significantly thicker, as it will be inflated into its final shape in the second step using stretch bold molding. In the second step, the preforms are heated rapidly and then inflated against a two- part mold to form them into the final shape of the bottle. Preforms (uninflated bottles) are now also used as robust and unique containers themselves; besides novelty candy, some Red cross chapters distribute them as part of the vial of Life program to homeowners to store medical history for emergency responders. In one-step machines, the entire process from raw material to finished container is conducted within one machine, making it especially suitable for molding non- standard shapes (custom molding), including jars, flat oval, flask shapes etc. Its greatest merit is the reduction in space, product handling and energy, and far higher visual quality than can be achieved by the two-step system. TUSHAR

Polyethylene Terephthalate Facts Recycled: 780,000 tons or a 29.2% recycling rate. Industry data shows 802,000 tons or a 29.3% recycling rate in Container deposit laws make water and soda bottles easily recyclable. Generated: pounds of PET bottles per person per year ounce soft drink bottles weigh one pound million tons, or 1.1% of municipal solid waste (MSW) by weight. TUSHAR

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