The Urinary System Chapter 9

Overview of Structures, Combining Forms, and Functions of the Urinary Systems

Primary Structures of the Urinary System

Kidneys Primary Functions Filter the blood to remove waste products Maintain electrolyte concentrations Remove excess water to maintain the fluid volume within the body (continues)

Kidneys (continues)

Kidneys Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) nephr/o ren/o

Renal Pelvis Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Collects urine produced by the kidney Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) pyel/o

Urine Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Liquid waste product produced by the kidney that is to be excreted Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) ur/o, urin/o

Ureters Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) ureter/o

Urinary Bladder Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Stores urine until it is excreted Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) cyst/o

Urinary Bladder (continues)

Urethra Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Transports urine from the bladder through the urethral meatus, where it is excreted from the body Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) urethr/o

Prostate Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) A gland of the male prostate system that surrounds the male urethra Disorders of this gland can disrupt the flow of urine Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) prostat/o

Key Word Parts and Definitions -cele hernia, tumor, swelling cyst/o urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid dia- through, between, apart, complete -ectasis stretching, dilation, enlargement (continues)

Key Word Parts and Definitions glomerul/o glomerulus lith/o stone, calculus -lysis breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening nephr/o kidney (continues)

Key Word Parts and Definitions -pexy surgical fixation pyel/o renal pelvis, bowl of kidney -tripsy to crush ur/o urine, urinary tract (continues)

Key Word Parts and Definitions ureter/o ureter urethr/o urethra -uria urination, urine

Questions

Question The medulla is the inner region of the kidney. It is also the name of a section of what other body part? intestines brainstem heart

Answer b. brainstem

Question The tube extending from the bladder to the outside of the body is the: ureter urethra ureta

Answer b. urethra (Think of it as being further from the kidneys than the ureter.)

Question Nocturnal enuresis is also known as bedwetting. True or False?

Answer True

Question Hemodialysis is the process by which cancer cells are filtered directly from the patient’s blood. True or False?

Answer False: Hemodialysis is the process by which waste products are filtered from the patient’s blood.

Answers to Learning Exercises

Chapter 9 Answers Matching Word Parts 1 9.1. cyst/o 9.2. glomerul/o 9.3. -cele 9.4. nephr/o 9.5. lith/o Matching Word Parts 2 9.6. ur/o 9.7. pyel/o 9.8. -lysis 9.9. -pexy 9.10. -tripsy

Chapter 9 Answers Matching Word Parts 3 9.11. dia- 9.12. -ectasis 9.13. ureter/o 9.14. urethr/o 9.15. -uria Definitions 9.16. ureters 9.17. cystolith 9.18. diuresis 9.19. renal pelvis 9.20. urethra 9.21. nephrons 9.22. urethra 9.23. urologist 9.24. epispadias 9.25. ablation

Chapter 9 Answers Matching Structures 9.26. urethral meatus 9.27. glomerulus 9.28. renal cortex 9.29. urethra 9.30. ureters Which Word? 9.31. pyelotomy 9.32. ureterorrhagia 9.33. polyuria 9.34. cystitis 9.35. urea

Chapter 9 Answers Spelling Counts 9.36. Wilms 9.37. incontinence 9.38. catheterization 9.39. Kegel 9.40. vesicovaginal Abbreviation Identification 9.41. benign prostatic hyperplasia 9.42. end-stage renal disease 9.43. extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy 9.44. intravenous pyelogram 9.45. overactive bladder

Chapter 9 Answers Term Selection 9.46. anuria 9.47. cystorrhaphy 9.48. nephrolysis 9.49. oliguria 9.50. hemodialysis Sentence Completion 9.51. nephritis 9.52. ureterolith 9.53. suprapubic catheterization 9.54. cystopexy 9.55. transurethral prostatectomy

Chapter 9 Answers Word Surgery 9.56. hyper-, protein, -uria 9.57. hydr/o, nephr, -osis 9.58. cyst/o, urethr/o, -graphy 9.59. nephr/o, lith, -otomy 9.60. ureter/o, -rrhaphy True/False 9.61. True 9.62. False 9.63. False 9.64. True 9.65. True

Chapter 9 Answers Clinical Conditions 9.66. nocturia 9.67. polycystic 9.68. interstitial cystitis 9.69. urethrostenosis 9.70. epispadias 9.71. peritoneal dialysis 9.72. ureteroplasty 9.73. prostate-specific antigen 9.74. glomerulonephritis 9.75. nephroptosis Which Is the Correct Medical Term? 9.76. uremia 9.77. nocturnal enuresis 9.78. ureterectasis 9.79. hypoproteinemia 9.80. nephrologist

Chapter 9 Answers Challenge Word Building 9.81. cystostomy 9.82. nephrotomy 9.83. nephrosclerosis 9.84. cystoptosis 9.85. urethrocele 9.86. ureterolysis 9.87. nephromalacia 9.88. pyelonephritis 9.89. urethrostomy 9.90. cystoplasty Labeling Exercises 9.91. adrenal 9.92. kidney 9.93. vena cava 9.94. urethra 9.95. cortex 9.96. medulla 9.97. aorta 9.98. ureters 9.99. bladder 9.100. meatus