1. Urinary system
Medical Terminology

2. OBJECTIVES At the end of this chapter students should be able to:
1.Label a diagram of the urinary system and follow the flow of urine through the body.
2. Describe the major disorders of the urinary system.
3. Define medical terms commonly used in reference to the urinary tract.

4. Combining forms Combining form Meaning Ur/o Urine Ureter/o Ureter
Cyst/o – Vesic/o
Urinary bladder
Urethr/o
Urethra
Ren/o – Nephr/o
Kidney
Lith/o
Stone
Pyel/o
Renal pelvis

5. Prefixes Prefix Meaning Oligo- Few - Little Poly- Many - Much Dys-
Painful - Difficult

6. Suffixes Suffix Meaning -stomy Create an opening -osis
Abnormal condition
-tripsy
Crushing - Destroying
-tomy
Incision

7. Medical terms related to the urinary system
Definition
Urinary
Pertaining to organs, structures & ducts by which urine is produced & discharged, including kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, & urethra
Urology
Study of male & female urinary systems & their diseases
Urography
X-ray examination used to evaluate the kidneys, ureters & urinary bladder, after administration of radiographic contrast material

8. Medical term Definition Urine Urinalysis
A waste product made in kidneys
The kidneys pass urine to ureters & then urinary bladder to be collected & expelled through the urethra
Urinalysis
Is a test to evaluate urine
It involves examining the appearance, concentration & content of urine

9. Medical term Definition Ureters Ureterostomy Urinary bladder
Are 2 tubes that take urine from the kidneys into the urinary bladder
Ureterostomy
Creation of a new opening in the ureter, away from the urinary bladder
Urinary bladder
A hollow muscular organ that collects urine from the kidneys before urination

10. Medical term Definition Cystoscopy Urethra Urinary retention
Visual examination of the urinary bladder
Urethra
A tube that takes the urine from the urinary bladder to be passed out of the body
Urinary retention
Inability to empty the urinary bladder completely
Urinary incontinence
Inability to control the excretory function (Inability to control urination & defecation)

11. Medical term Definition Renal Nephrology Nephrologist Nephritis
Pertaining to the kidney
Nephrology
Is the study of the normal kidney functions, Kidney problems & their treatment
Nephrologist
A doctor who specializes in kidney diseases & their treatment
Nephritis
Inflammation in one or both kidneys

12. Medical term Definition Nephrosis Nephrectomy Dialysis Kidney disease
Surgical removal of one or both kidneys
Dialysis
Process of removing wastes from the blood, & is used as an artificial replacement for lost kidney function in people with kidney failure

13. Medical term Definition Lithotripsy Pyeloplasty Pyelotomy
Procedure using shock waves to break kidney stones into small particles that can be passed out of the body
Pyeloplasty
Surgical repair of the renal pelvis
Pyelotomy
Surgical incision into the renal pelvis of the kidney

15. Abnormal conditions Medical term Definition Oliguria Dysuria Anuria
The production of abnormal small volume of urine
Dysuria
Pain or discomfort during urination
Anuria
No urine production
Albuminuria
Protein (Albumin) in the urine
Glycosuria
Glucose in the urine
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
Uremia
High levels of urea (Nitrogenous waste material) in the blood

16. Abnormal conditions Medical term Definition Renal failure
Condition in which the kidneys stop functioning & don’t produce urine
Nephrolithiasis
Stones in the kidney