PHYSICS WORKSHOP Demystifying 9188/4 Yours truly T.V Madziva or

DO YOU KNOW THIS? Marked out of 50  There are only 3 questions  Only 2hrs 30min  Q1 &2 marked out of 18 each, and 1hr each  Q3 marked out of 14,and 30min  Overrally P4 contribute 20% in weight i.e 50/250

Skills Weighting And Distribution Factual Recall And Comprehension= 10% Handling And Application= 50% Deductive Reasoning And Synthesis= 40%

Experimental Skills And Investigations Candidates should be able to: 1.Follow a detailed set or sequence of instructions and use techniques, apparatus and materials safely and effectively 2.Make observations and measurements with due regard for precision and accuracy 3.Interpret and evaluate observations and experimental data

Continued 4. Identify a problem, design and plan investigations, evaluate methods and techniques, and suggest possible improvement; 5. Record observations, measurement, methods and techniques with due regard for precision, accuracy and units

Question outline  Q1 is normally on mechanical oscillations  Q2 based on measurement of electrical quantities  Q3 is a design question (from any section of the syllabus or outside) but handling of information remains the same

Expectations for each mark category Manipulation, measurement and observation(M) Presentation of Data and Observations(R) Graphical Work(G) Analysis, conclusions and Evaluation(A)

Manipulation, measurement and observation  Successful collection of data: candidates to- 1.Correctly set up apparatus without assistance from supervisor 2.Follow instructions given 3.Collect an appropriate quantity of data 4.Repeat readings where appropriate 5.Use both analogue scales and digital displays 6.Make measurements using common apparatus

Manipulation, measurement and observation  Range and distribution of values 1.Make measurements that span the largest possible range of values within the limits 2.Make measurements whose values are appropriately distributed within this range

Manipulation, measurement and observation  Quality of data 1.Make and record accurate measurements 2.Mark will be awarded for measured data in which the values obtained are reasonable 3.The award of the mark is based on the scatter of points on a graph 4.Candidate`s data may be compared with information supplied by supervisor or known to the examiners

Presentation of Data and observations  Table of results: layout 1.Present numerical data and values in a single table of results 2.Draw up the table in advance of taking readings so that you do not have to copy up your results 3.Use column headings that include both the quantity and the unit and that conform to accepted scientific conventions

Presentation of Data and observations  Table of results: raw data 1.Record raw readings of a quantity to the same degree of precision 2.The degree of precision used should be compatible with the measuring instrument used

Presentation of Data and observations  Table of results: calculated quantities 1.Calculate other quantities from raw data to correct number of significant figures 2.Calculated quantities should be given to the same number of significant figures (or one more than) the measured quantity of least accuracy. 3.The number of SF may, if necessary, vary down a column of values for a calculated quantity

TABLE OF RESULTS l/cmT1/sT2/sT3/sLg(T/s) 22, , , , ,

Graphical work  Layout 1.Clearly label graph axes with both quantity and unit 2.Choose scales such that the plotted points occupy at least half of the grid in both directions 3.Use a false origin where appropriate 4.Avoid holes, gaps and awkward scales

Graphical work  Plotting of points 1.Plot all data points on graph grid to an accuracy of better than half a small square 2.Points should be finely drawn with a sharp pencil but must still be visible. A fine cross or an encircled dot is suitable. A thick pencil blob is not. 3.All observations must be plotted

Graphical work  Trend line/line of best fit 1.Identify when the trend of a graph is linear or curved 2.Draw straight lines of best fit or curves to show the trend of a graph 3.The trend line should show an even distribution of points on either side of the line along its whole length 4.Avoid kinks/breaks, hairy, point to point lines

Graphical work  Gradient triangle 1.When a gradient is to be determined, the points on the line chosen for the calculation should be separated by at least half of the length of the line drawn

Graphical work  Y-intercept calculation 1.In cases where the y-intercept cannot be read directly from the y-axis, it is expected that the co-ordinates of a point on the line and the gradient will be substituted into y=mx+c

Graph

Analysis, Conclusions and Evaluations  Display of calculation and reasoning 1.Show working in calculations 2.Justify the number of sig fig in a calculated quantity

Analysis, Conclusions and Evaluations

 Drawing conclusions 1.Draw conclusions from an experiment, including determining the values of constants, considering whether experimental data supports a given hypothesis, and making predictions.

Analysis, Conclusions and Evaluations  Estimating uncertainties 1.Estimate, quantitatively, the uncertanty in their measurements 2.Express the uncertanty in a measurement as an actual, fractional or percentage uncertanty

Analysis, Conclusions and Evaluations  Identifying limitations 1.Identify and describe the limitations in an experimental procedure 2.Identify the most significant sources of error in an experiment

Analysis, Conclusions and Evaluations  Suggesting improvements 1.Suggest modifications to an experimental arrangement that will improve the accuracy of the expt. Be realistic.

DESIGN  Layout of the apparatus 1.Include diagram of apparatus 2.Only workable diagrams will score marks

DESIGN  Methods of data collection 1.Describe the method to be used to vary the independent variable 2.Describe how variables are to be measured 3.Describe how other variables are to be kept constant

DESIGN  Method of analysis 1.Describe how the data should be used in order to reach a conclusion, including details of derived quantities to be calculated and graphs to be drawn as appropriate

DESIGN  Safety considerations 1.Assess the risks of your experiment. 2.Describe precautions that should be taken to keep risks to a minimum.