Acceleration of Global Contact The Age of Exploration s The Age of Exploration s

Indian Ocean Background Southeast Asia: –Sparsely populated compared to Europe, India, China –Rice cultivation and reproductive role gave women power and economic access. Husbands family paid “bride wealth” which wife controlled throughout marriage. Married couples lived in wife’s village Divorce resulted in equal division of property and children. Southeast Asia: –Sparsely populated compared to Europe, India, China –Rice cultivation and reproductive role gave women power and economic access. Husbands family paid “bride wealth” which wife controlled throughout marriage. Married couples lived in wife’s village Divorce resulted in equal division of property and children.

Early Exploration Zheng He (1370s- 1453)--China –Seven trade voyages into and around the Indian Ocean (Africa, SE Asia, Korea, India…) Zheng He (1370s- 1453)--China –Seven trade voyages into and around the Indian Ocean (Africa, SE Asia, Korea, India…)

Early Exploration Eric the Red and Leif Ericson--Viking –Greenland, Iceland, Ireland. –First Europeans to reach North America Eric the Red and Leif Ericson--Viking –Greenland, Iceland, Ireland. –First Europeans to reach North America

European Exploration Factors in European Exploration –Centralized Governments Rise of the Monarchs--Ferdinand and Isabella –Technology Cannon, Shipbuilding, Magnetic Compass, Map Making Factors in European Exploration –Centralized Governments Rise of the Monarchs--Ferdinand and Isabella –Technology Cannon, Shipbuilding, Magnetic Compass, Map Making

European Motivations Religious Conversion –Desire to Christianize page world at large Rise of the Aristocracy –European nobles are hording wealth and land in Europe –Foreign opportunity for success, wealth, and status Religious Conversion –Desire to Christianize page world at large Rise of the Aristocracy –European nobles are hording wealth and land in Europe –Foreign opportunity for success, wealth, and status Government Sponsorship Spice Trade – New routs needed as traditional land routs ended. Profit, Profit, Profit – “I have come to win gold, not plow the fields like a peasant.” H. Cortes. Government Sponsorship Spice Trade – New routs needed as traditional land routs ended. Profit, Profit, Profit – “I have come to win gold, not plow the fields like a peasant.” H. Cortes.

Christopher Columbus The Problem of Christopher Columbus –What kind of man was he? –What were his goals –What did he make of his Discovery? The Problem of Christopher Columbus –What kind of man was he? –What were his goals –What did he make of his Discovery?

Columbian Exchange Food, Crops, and Animals –Wheat, vines, cattle, horses, pigs, sheep goats, and chickens to Americas. – Maize, potatoes, beans, tomatoes, peppers, peanuts, papayas, avocadoes to Europe, Africa, Asia. Eurasian population growth from 425 million in 1500AD to 610 million in Food, Crops, and Animals –Wheat, vines, cattle, horses, pigs, sheep goats, and chickens to Americas. – Maize, potatoes, beans, tomatoes, peppers, peanuts, papayas, avocadoes to Europe, Africa, Asia. Eurasian population growth from 425 million in 1500AD to 610 million in Biological exchange –Diseases: Small pox, measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, enfluenza killed as many as 90% of central Mexico –By 1530: small pox spread from Mexico to Great Lakes region Biological exchange –Diseases: Small pox, measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, enfluenza killed as many as 90% of central Mexico –By 1530: small pox spread from Mexico to Great Lakes region

Conquest of Aztec Mexico Hernado Cortez landed in Veracruz 1519 Captured Montezumma II, Aztec Emperor; took control of much of Aztec Mexico Hernado Cortez landed in Veracruz 1519 Captured Montezumma II, Aztec Emperor; took control of much of Aztec Mexico

How did 600 Spanish Conquer the Aztec empire? Timing –Spanish arrived in Harvest Season –Spanish appeared to be part of religious mythology Spanish recruitment –enemies of the Aztec empire Timing –Spanish arrived in Harvest Season –Spanish appeared to be part of religious mythology Spanish recruitment –enemies of the Aztec empire Montezuma welcomed Cortes Warfare, Technology, and Disease –Aztec ceremonial warfare –Cannons, muskets, steel swords, crossbows. –Small pox: Mexico pop. Decline from 17 million to 1.3 million (90%) after Montezuma welcomed Cortes Warfare, Technology, and Disease –Aztec ceremonial warfare –Cannons, muskets, steel swords, crossbows. –Small pox: Mexico pop. Decline from 17 million to 1.3 million (90%) after 1519.