1. European Exploration and Expansion

2. The Age of Discovery Renaissance spirit of inquiry New technology --compass --gunpowder (cannons, firearms) --cartography & astronomy (map making) encourage European overseas exploration in the 1400’s -Spain and Portugal lead the way

3. Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Exchange Christopher Columbus “encounters” the Americas in 1492 Columbian Exchange leads to the introduction of new foods, livestock, diseases between both hemispheres and creation of European colonial empires

4. Impact of Columbian Exchange Europe exposed to (corn, potatoes, chocolate, tomatoes, turkey) Europeans brought (cattle, chicken, pigs, wheat, sugar, and rice) Millions of Native Americans died from exposure to European diseases (smallpox/measles)

5. The Conquest of the Americas Spanish conquerors subdued the Aztecs and Incas (wanted gold and silver) --Cortes (Aztecs) --Pizarro (Incas) Establish colonies in the Americas

6. Later Explorers Vasco Da Gama (1460-1524) found water route to India around tip of Africa Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) circumnavigated (circled) the world Other nations send explorers to find routes to Asia and lay new claims in America

7. Colonial Latin America New Spanish colonies were ruled by Viceroys Native Americans gradually convert to European Christianity http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=lj3iNxZ8D ww&feature=related

8. Other European Colonial Empires France, Holland, England set up colonies in the New World New colonial societies emerge provide wealth and increased trade to Europe The Netherlands –Strong player in the Spice Islands, formed Dutch West India Company in Americas England –Eventually gained strong influence in North America and Caribbean France –Colonized Louisiana and Canada

9. Other European Colonial Empires New colonial societies emerge provide wealth and increased trade to Europe

10. The Atlantic Slave Trade Africans were captured by other African tribes and sold to European slave traders on West Coast of Africa

11. The Atlantic Slave Trade “Middle Passage” Millions of slaves taken in ships (inhumane conditions) for the voyage across the Atlantic to the New World Over 15 million slaves shipped due to high death rate

12. The Atlantic Slave Trade Enslaved Africans were treated to brutal working conditions in the Americas Slave trade increased African warfare and destroyed African culture, but led to cultural diffusion

13. The Commercial Revolution. New Age of Global Trade Leads to increase in manufacturing and living conditions in Europe

14. The Commercial Revolution Mercantilism— rulers increase power by amassing gold and silver --used conquest, trade, taxes, and colonies Colonies are later used to develop overseas empires

15. The Commercial Revolution Free Enterprise (Capitalism) --merchants developed new methods to finance large business ventures --used borrowing and joint-stock companies to raise large amounts of capital http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_f7UAqU-wNc

16. Video Resources Columbian Exchange-- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQPA5oNpfM4 Explorers-- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NjEGncridoQ Spanish Empire-- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjhIzemLdos Atlantic Slave Trade-- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnV_MTFEGIY