Do now activity….. Name 5 different elements that you can remember that we went over last week. How are these elements arranged on the Periodic Table? Do you know what atomic mass is? LecturePLUS Timberlake1

2 Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number Isotopes

LecturePLUS Timberlake3 Atomic Theory Atoms are building blocks of elements Similar atoms in each element Different from atoms of other elements Two or more different atoms bond in simple ratios to form compounds

LecturePLUS Timberlake4 Subatomic Particles ParticleSymbol Charge Relative Mass Electron e Proton p Neutron n0 1

LecturePLUS Timberlake5 Location of Subatomic Particles cm electrons protons neutrons cm nucleus

LecturePLUS Timberlake6 Atomic Number Counts the number of protons in an atom

LecturePLUS Timberlake7 Atomic Number on the Periodic Table 11 Na Atomic Number Symbol

LecturePLUS Timberlake8 All atoms of an element have the same number of protons 11 Na 11 protons Sodium

LecturePLUS Timberlake9 Learning Check State the number of protons for atoms of each of the following: A. Nitrogen 1) 5 protons 2) 7 protons 3) 14 protons B. Sulfur 1) 32 protons 2) 16 protons 3) 6 protons C. Barium 1) 137 protons 2) 81 protons 3) 56 protons

LecturePLUS Timberlake10 Solution State the number of protons for atoms of each of the following: A. Nitrogen 2) 7 protons B. Sulfur 2) 16 protons C. Barium 3) 56 protons

LecturePLUS Timberlake11 Mass Number Counts the number of protons and neutrons in an atom

LecturePLUS Timberlake12 Atomic Symbols Show the mass number and atomic number Give the symbol of the element mass number 23 Na sodium-23 atomic number 11

LecturePLUS Timberlake13 Number of Electrons An atom is neutral The net charge is zero Number of protons = Number of electrons Atomic number = Number of electrons

LecturePLUS Timberlake14 Subatomic Particles in Some Atoms O P Zn p + 15 p + 30 p + 8 n16 n35 n 8 e - 15 e - 30 e -

LecturePLUS Timberlake15 Isotopes Atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons. Atoms of the same element (same atomic number) with different mass numbers Isotopes of chlorine 35 Cl 37 Cl17 chlorine - 35 chlorine - 37

LecturePLUS Timberlake16 Learning Check Naturally occurring carbon consists of three isotopes, 12 C, 13 C, and 14 C. State the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of these carbon atoms. 12 C 13 C 14 C #p _______ _______ _______ #n _______ _______ _______ #e _______ _______ _______

LecturePLUS Timberlake17 Solution 12 C 13 C 14 C #p #n #e 6 6 6

LecturePLUS Timberlake18 Learning Check An atom of zinc has a mass number of 65. A.Number of protons in the zinc atom 1) 302) 353) 65 B.Number of neutrons in the zinc atom 1) 302) 353) 65 C. What is the mass number of a zinc isotope with 37 neutrons? 1) 372) 653) 67

LecturePLUS Timberlake19 Solution An atom of zinc has a mass number of 65. A.Number of protons in the zinc atom 1) 30 B.Number of neutrons in the zinc atom 2) 35 C. What is the mass number of a zinc isotope with 37 neutrons? 3) 67

LecturePLUS Timberlake20 Learning Check Write the atomic symbols for atoms with the following: A. 8 p +, 8 n, 8 e - ___________ B.17p +, 20n, 17e - ___________ C. 47p +, 60 n, 47 e - ___________

LecturePLUS Timberlake21 Solution 16 O A. 8 p +, 8 n, 8 e - 8 B.17p +, 20n, 17e - 37 Cl 17 C. 47p +, 60 n, 47 e Ag 47

LecturePLUS Timberlake22 Atomic Mass on the Periodic Table 11 Na Atomic Number Symbol Atomic Mass

LecturePLUS Timberlake23 Atomic Mass Atomic mass is the weighted average mass of all the atomic masses of the isotopes of that atom.

LecturePLUS Timberlake24 Example of an Average Atomic Mass Cl-35 is about 75.5 % and Cl-37 about 24.5% of natural chlorine. 35 x 75.5 = x 24.5 =

LecturePLUS Timberlake25 Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements 2.1 Elements and Symbols 2.2 Periodic Table

LecturePLUS Timberlake26 Elements Pure substances that cannot be separated into different substances by ordinary processes Are the building blocks of matter 118 elements known today Examples: carbon gold calcium

LecturePLUS Timberlake27

LecturePLUS Timberlake28 Symbols of Elements Use 1 or 2 letter abbreviations Capitalize the first letter only Examples: C carbon Cocobalt N nitrogenCacalcium F fluorine Br bromine O oxygen Mg magnesium

LecturePLUS Timberlake29 Symbols from Latin Names ElementSymbolLatin name CopperCucuprum GoldAuaurum LeadPbplumbum MercuryHghydrargyrum PotassiumKkalium SilverAgargentum SodiumNanatrium TinSnstannum

LecturePLUS Timberlake30 % Major Elements in the Body O65.0 %K 0.34 C18.0S 0.26 H10.0Na 0.14 N 3.0Cl 0.14 Ca 1.4Fe P 1.0 Zn Mg 0.50 Trace Elements As, Cr, Co, Cu, F, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Si, V

LecturePLUS Timberlake31 Learning Check Select the correct symbol for each: A. Calcium 1) C2) Ca3) CA B. Sulfur 1) S2) Sl3) Su C. Iron 1) Ir2) FE3) Fe

LecturePLUS Timberlake32 Solution Select the correct symbol for each: A. Calcium 2) Ca B. Sulfur 1) S C. Iron 3) Fe

LecturePLUS Timberlake33 Learning Check Select the correct name for each: A. N 1) neon2) nitrogen 3) nickel B. P 1) potassium2) phogiston 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver2) agean3) gold

LecturePLUS Timberlake34 Solution Select the correct name for each: A. N 2) nitrogen B. P 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver

LecturePLUS Timberlake35 Periodic Table The periodic table is an arrangement of the elements according to similarities in their chemical and physical properties.

LecturePLUS Timberlake36 Physical Properties The characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance. Color Size Shape Density Freezing and Boiling Points Odor

LecturePLUS Timberlake37 Groups of Elements Vertical columns on the periodic table Similar physical properties Similar chemical properties

LecturePLUS Timberlake38 Groups on the Periodic Table

LecturePLUS Timberlake39 Representative Groups Group 1Alkali Metals Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals Group 7 Halogens Group 8Noble Gases

LecturePLUS Timberlake40 Location of Some Groups A l m k e a t l a i l s AlkalineAlkaline HalogensHalogens I G n a e s r e t s

LecturePLUS Timberlake41 Periods on the Periodic Table Horizontal rows from Group 1 to Group 8. Numbered 1, 2, 3, …. Include representative elements and transition elements

LecturePLUS Timberlake42 Periods on the Periodic Table

LecturePLUS Timberlake43 Learning Check A. Element in Group VIIA, Period 4 1) Br2) Cl3) Mn B. Element in Group IIA, Period 3 1) beryllium2) magnesium 3) boron

LecturePLUS Timberlake44 Solution A. Element in Group 7A, period 4 1) Br B. Element in Group 2A, Period 3 2) magnesium

LecturePLUS Timberlake45 Learning Check A. Element in Group VIIA, period 4 1) Br2) Cl3) Mn B. Element in Group IIA, Period 3 1) beryllium2) magnesium 3) boron C. Metals in Group IVA 1) Ge, Sn, Pb 2) C, Si 3) C, Si, Ge, Sn D. Nonmetals in Group VA 1) As, Sb, Bi 2) N, P, As 3) N, P, As, Sb

LecturePLUS Timberlake46 Solution A. Element in Group VIIA, period 4 1) Br B. Element in Group IIA, Period 3 2) magnesium C. Metals in Group IVA 1) Ge, Sn, Pb D. Nonmetals in Group VA 2) N, P, As

LecturePLUS Timberlake47 Metals and Nonmetals Metals Located to the left of the heavy line Shiny, ductile Good conductors of heat and electricity Nonmetals Located to the right of the heavy line Dull and brittle Poor conductors, good insulators

LecturePLUS Timberlake48 Metals and Nonmetals NONMETALS METALS Transition metals

LecturePLUS Timberlake49 Learning Check Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each: A. sulfur____ B. chlorine____ C. sodium____ D. iron____ E. carbon____ F. silver____

LecturePLUS Timberlake50 Solution Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each: A. sulfur2 B. chlorine2 C. sodium1 D. iron1 E. carbon2 F. silver1

LecturePLUS Timberlake51 Learning Check Select the correct elements: A. Metals in Group IVA 1) Ge, Sn, Pb 2) C, Si 3) C, Si, Ge, Sn B. Nonmetals in Group VA 1) As, Sb, Bi 2) N, P, As 3) N, P, As, Sb

LecturePLUS Timberlake52 Solution A. Metals in Group 4A 1) Ge, Sn, Pb B. Nonmetals in Group 5A 2) N, P, As

Exit question…. In your own words, describe was a element is. How are they arranged on the Periodic Table? What is a family (group) on the Periodic Table? What is a period on the periodic table? LecturePLUS Timberlake53