Vegetative Propagation Natural Methods

Bryophyllum delagoensis Epiphyllous Buds Bryophyllum delagoensis http://www.bryophyllum.com/b/files/img.php?width=500&file=50.jpg Bryophyllum daigremontianum Cytokinins accumulate in notches stimulate shoot development http://www.bryophyllum.com/b/files/img.php?width=500&file=60.jpg

Roots are adventitious. Lateral buds in axis make bulbils. Scaly Bulb http://www.hort.cornell.edu/4hplants/Vegetables/Images/Onion-23.jpg Onion, Tulip, Daffodil Scales are leaf bases. Basal plate is stem. Roots are adventitious. Lateral buds in axis make bulbils. http://www.s-3gim.mb.edus.si/Medicina/Cokan/pomladanska3.jpg

Scaly Bulbs http://www.floridata.com/ref/A/images/alli_sa3.jpg In garlic bulbs, the lateral buds become bulbils called “cloves” of garlic. http://trc.ucdavis.edu/egsutter/plb171/VisualMaterial/largePhotoSStruc/BulbsPic/bulb-tun-onion64lable.jpg

Corms: Just the basal plate Crocus and Gladiolus http://trc.ucdavis.edu/egsutter/plb171/VisualMaterial/largePhotoSStruc/corm-gladiolus74lable.jpg Lateral buds develop into cormels http://www.srgc.org.uk/bulblog/161003/Crocus%20sativus%20corm%20and%20stigma.jpg

Tuber at end of rhizome (underground stem) Tuber swells as a storage organ. The apical bud and lateral buds are “eyes.” A piece of potato with an eye can be treated almost like a seed. http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/tfplab/veg13.jpg Potato, Helianthus tuberosus http://www.bayercropscience.co.uk/images/upload/blight.jpg

Stolons: Spider Plant and Strawberry http://www.botgard.ucla.edu/html/botanytextbooks/generalbotany/images/typesofshoots/stolon/Fragariastolons2.jpg Leafless overground branch develops crown which arches to soil, roots, and becomes independent. http://www.plantoftheweek.org/image/chlorophytum.jpg

Black Raspberry and Forsythia Tip layer Black Raspberry and Forsythia http://www.uwgb.edu/biodiversity/herbarium/shrubs/rubocc_stem02.jpg

Bramble describes this behavior. Tip Layer Leafy shoot tip arches to soil, takes root, and becomes independent plant. Bramble describes this behavior. http://pearl.agcomm.okstate.edu/hort/fruits/fruits_images/f6215f3.jpg

Red Raspberry and Rose, many others! Root sprouts Red Raspberry and Rose, many others! Roots growing from original plant near soil surface, accumulate cytokinins, make sprout. Results in “thicket” http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/raspberries/images/diagram_parts.gif

Vegetative Propagation Artificial Methods

Leaf-petiole Cutting African violet Jade plant Kalanchoe Pepperomia 1. IAA produced 2. IAA transported Blade 7. Shoot formed Petiole 6. CK transport 3. Callus develops 4. Roots form 5. CK produced

Stem Cutting Plectranthus and many more! IAA produced IAA transported Callus develops Roots form Sell sooner! IAA IAA IAA IAA

Tip Layer Bend stem to soil Yes, it is both a natural and an artificial method! 2. Wound bark on lower side 3. Apply rooting powder 4. Bury in moist soil 5. Anchor to ground 6. Wait and separate! IAA

What if the plant you want to clone is a special maple tree that turns wonderful combinations of green, yellow, orange, and red in the fall. The lowest branch is many feet above the soil making a tip-layer impossible. Leaf and stem cuttings fail but you think a tip-layer might work if only the tree were not so tall. How do you solve this dilemma? If the cutting is Mohammad, and you cannot bring Mohammad to the mountain, you should… …bring the mountain to Mohammad! Air Layer! We will work this example on the whiteboard together in class!