1. Modified by Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum Office
Plant Parts
Chapter #3
Modified by Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum Office
June 2002

2. What are the parts of a plant?
Node: swollen part of stem where buds form (leaves or stems grow here)
Cotyledons: leaves formed at first node (cotyledonary node)

3. What are the parts of a plant?
Epicotyl: all of plant formed above cotyledonary node
Internode: stem tissue between nodes

4. What are the types of stems?
1) Woody Stem: trees, shrubs, woody perennials
2) Grass Stem: hollow or filled
3) Herbaceous Stem: like woody but softer (clover, alfalfa)
4) Modified Stem:

5. Types of Modified Stems
Bulbs: (onion)
Tubers: (potato)
Stolons: above ground runner (strawberry)
Rhizomes: below ground runners (field bindweed or creeping jenny)

6. What are the functions of stems?
1) transport water, nutrients, sugars
2) support leaves
3) store food

7. What are buds?
special tissue on stems that can grow into new plant parts
buds are described according to:

8. 1) structures into which they grow
-Vegetative: leaves or stems
-Floral: flowers
-Mixed: both
2) where buds appear on stem
-Apical: tips of stems
-if floral = bush
-if vegetative = vine
-Axillary: where leaf joins stem
-Adventitious: near wounds
3) How buds are arranged

9. Bud Arrangements Alternate (alfalfa) Opposite (beans)
Whorled (not common)

10. What is Apical Dominance?
apical bud tries to make plant grow taller or longer
if we remove apical bud, we remove the apical dominance

11. What are leaves?
undergo photosynthesis, exchange gases

12. What is the difference between a simple leaf and a compound leaf?
simple leaf = 2 parts (leaf blade and petiole)

13. What is the difference between a simple leaf and a compound leaf?
Compound leaf: leaf blade divided into leaflets

14. What are the different types of compound leaves?
Palmately compound

15. What are the different types of compound leaves?
Pinately compound

16. What are the different types of compound leaves?
Trifoliate (alfalfa)

17. What is the Hypocotyl?
part of the plant below the cotyledonary node

18. What purpose does the hypocotyl serve?
1) anchor plant
2) absorb water & nutrients
3) store food

19. What are the types of root systems?
-Taproot: one main root, has no nodes
(carrot, evergreen, kochia)
-Fibrous root: many nodes, branching root system (grasses)

20. To help prevent soil erosion, which root system would be best?
Fibrous

21. What are the parts of a grass plant?
Leaves = Sheath is the part of leaf that wraps around the stem
Joints = internodes
Culm = stems

22. Grass Plant Parts
Tillers = branches, all branch from the base of the plant
Crown = union of roots and stem
Jointing stage = stems elongate rapidly