THE 1970S Chapter 24 UNIT 7 SEMESTER 2

RICHARD NIXON 1969-1974

LAW AND ORDER POLITICS Nixon appealed to a “Silent Majority” of Americans to support his policy of taking action against war protesters, students and anti-establishment groups that committed criminal acts

THE ENERGY CRISIS OPEC In response to Israel’s victory in the 1973 Yom Kippur War, the Oil Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) quadrupled the price of oil in 1974

STAGFLATION An increase in unemployment and inflation at the same time

CAUSES OF THE ENERGY CRISIS OPEC QUADRUPLES THE PRICE OF OIL U.S. DEPENDENCE ON FOREIGN OIL LACK OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL SOURCES

EFFECTS OF THE ENERGY CRISIS INCREASED FUEL PRICES FUEL CONSERVATION INFLATION FACTORIES AND BUSINESSES CLOSE

REALPOILITK

NIXON VISITS CHINA

NIXON VISITS MOSCOW SALT I TREATY First treaty to limit the production of nuclear weapons

DETENTE

WATERGATE

WATERGATE/”ENEMIES LIST” In response to Vietnam War protesters, radical Civil Rights groups, and influential people that supported them, President Nixon created a domestic covert operations team that attempted to subvert, discredit and damage the reputation, private lives, and in some cases; the careers and financial security of his so-called “enemies”

NIXON’S “ENEMIES” VIETNAM WAR PROTESTERS RADICAL CIVIL RIGHTS GROUPS The Weathermen Hippies RADICAL CIVIL RIGHTS GROUPS Black Panthers LIBERAL JOURNALISTS LIBERAL ACTIVISTS 1972 DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATES SUPPORTED BY “ENEMIES”

WATERGATE HEARINGS

WATERGATE HEARINGS

SATURDAY NIGHT MASSACRE

“SMOKING GUN” TAPES After President Nixon refused to hand over the White House tapes, Congress sued the President on behalf of the American people. In U.S. v. Nixon (1974), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 8-0 in favor of Congress. Through the process of Judicial Review, Nixon was ordered by the court to hand over the tapes.

“SMOKING GUN” TAPES

WOODWARD AND BERNSTEIN

All the President’s Men

GERALD FORD 1974-1977

PARDON OF NIXON President Ford told the American people that it was time to heal and move on from Watergate Ford’s approval rating fell 20%; he never politically recovered

ASSASSINATION ATTEMPTS

THE FALL OF SAIGON AND CAMBODIA

JIMMY CARTER 1977-1981

NATIONAL ENERGY ACT Placed tax on gas-guzzling cars Tax breaks for the development of alternative fuels Free market for oil and natural gas produced in the U.S.

CAMP DAVID ACCORDS

HUMAN RIGHTS FOREIGN POLICY President Carter discontinued economic, military and intelligence aid to several repressive governments that had been key allies during the Cold War

ISLAMIC REVOLUTION IN IRAN

IRANIAN HOSTAGE CRISIS

SANDINISTA REVOLUTION IN NICARAGUA

EARTH DAY

ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT

THREE MILE ISLAND

NO NUKES