1. Chapter 32: An Age of Limits
32.1 The Nixon Administration
-Read by 1/30
32.2 Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall
-Read by 2/3
32.3 The Ford and Carter Years
-Read by 2/6
Iran and the Iranian Hostage Crisis
-Readings will be posted online 2/11
32.4 Environmental Activism
-Read by 2/13
“I am not a crook.”
-Richard M. Nixon
Unit Essential Questions
What are the limits to Political Power?
Who ultimately holds the power in a democracy?

2. 32.1 The Nixon Administration
Essential Question:
What domestic and foreign policy accomplishments did Richard Nixon achieve during his administration?

3. Key Terms Richard M. Nixon New Federalism Revenue Sharing
Family Assistance Plan (FAP)
Southern Strategy
Stagflation
OPEC
Realpolitik
Détente
SALT I Treaty (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)

4. Key Dates 1968 Nixon Elected President
1971- Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Bd. Of Ed. allows school bussing
1971- Stagflation begins
February Nixon goes to China
May Nixon goes to Moscow
1972- SALT I Treaty signed
1973- Yom Kippur War
OPEC Oil Embargo

5. Nixon’s New Conservatism
Goal was to move country in a more conservative direction
Decrease power and role of the federal gov.
Stop parts of the Great Society
New Federalism
Define: distribute power to local and State governments.
Done by revenue sharing.
Define: allowed state gov. to spend federal money as they saw fit.
86 Billion by 1986

6. Legislative Battles Congress was controlled by Democrats
First time since 1849
Family Assistance Plan
Welfare reform meant to make welfare more efficient
Gave people an income of $1,600
Passed House
Senate rejects Bill
Attacks from Left and Right
Increased spending on Medicaid, Medicare, Social Security and Food Stamps to earn Democratic Support
He impounded, or withheld, funds for many Government programs he disagreed with.

7. Law- and Order Politics
Nixon cracked down on far-left aspects of society
Used FBI and CIA to go after groups such as SDS and radical Civil Rights groups
Used IRS to target political foes
Nixon saw political opponents as personal foes
“anyone who opposes us we’ll destroy.”
VP Sipro T. Agnew- consistently attacked media and anti-war movement

8. The Southern Strategy
What political party do you associate with the South?
Republicans- Why?
Nixon wants to win re-election in 1972 begins to go after unhappy Southern Democrats.
To attract these voters Nixon:
Slowed integration of schools in the South- Supreme Court forced him to follow laws
90% of southern schools integrated
In North Nixon opposed Bussing
Opposition to these integration efforts helped Nixon win over Southern Whites

9. Stagflation Define- Rising unemployment and inflation
Caused in part by Deficit spending by Johnson (Great Society/ Vietnam)
International Competition from West Germany and Japan
Not enough jobs for all the women and Baby-Boomers entering the workforce
Dependency on Foreign Oil
OPEC controls production and price
During Yom Kippur War. US ally Israel against Egypt and Syria; OPEC starts Oil Embargo in response to US support for Israel.
Lasts from fall 1973 to March when trade resumed price had quadrupled

15. Nixon could do little to stop stagflation
Wanted to raise taxes and cut spending Congress would not pass plan
Turned to wage and price controls
Economic recession began
Nixon’s policies did not stop economic slide
Nixon always preferred foreign policy to domestic
How did Nixon earn his reputation in Foreign affairs?
Alger Hiss trial
Nixon earned reputation as hardline anti-communist
Used that to his advantage during his presidency

16. Kissinger and Realpolitik
Define:
German for realistic politics
More practical and flexible policy
Nation’s power more important that its Philosophy
Confront Powerful : Ignore weak
End of Containment
Sought to negotiate with Communist China and the Soviet Union
Détente
Nixon wanted to ease Cold War tensions b/t US and Soviets

17. Nixon in China and Moscow
February 1972 Nixon went to Communist China
Tried to exploit a rift b/t Soviet Union and China
Normalized relations with the Chinese
Strong anti-communist background convinced American public to support him
May 1972 Nixon travels to Moscow
Soviet Premier Brezhnev
Signed SALT I Treaty capping Nuclear weapons at 1972 levels
Coupled with the
end of Vietnam war these foreign Policy achievements helped Nixon win reelection in 1972

22. Quiz 32.1
What was Nixon’s plan to allow state and local governments to spend federal money as they saw fit?
This war in the Middle East caused the Oil Embargo in ?
__________ is the Economic conditions with rising inflation and unemployment.
Nixon visited what country in February 1972?
What treaty was signed by Nixon in Moscow in 1972?