1. CH. 29 STUDENT NOTES
THE AGE OF LIMITS

2. THE MAN VP under Eisenhower (1953-1960) Born 1913 in California
1960 ran for President: LOST
1962 ran for Gov. of Cal.: LOST
1968 ran for President (again): WON
Born 1913 in California
Navy during WWII
Elected to House of Representatives and Senate

3. Republican “Southern Strategy”
“State’s rights”…
Split working-class whites away from blacks
New “Solid South” is Republican

4. NIXON’S GOALS Limit power of federal government Reverse LBJ programs
NEW FEDERALISM: give more power and money to local and state governments
Reverse LBJ programs
Welfare programs too dependent on federal government
Preserve America’s prestige
Broken by Vietnam
Law and Order
“Silent Majority”

5. ENVIRONMENTAL REFORM Silent Spring (1962) by Rachel Carson
outlines dangers of pesticides use and problems w/ chemicals
Earth Day (1970)
Water quality
Lower emission standards
Environmental Protection Agency (1971)

6. ECONOMIC WOES 1967-1973 Causes:
High inflation
High unemployment
STAGFLATION: unemployment AND prices go up!
Causes:
New workers - women and baby boomers
Competition, higher prices, wasteful
Dependence on foreign oil
OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
Yom Kippur War (Egypt & Syria, against Israel)

7. FOREIGN POLICY Honorable war with Vietnam Nixon Doctrine
Decline in 3rd world
Support for nonthreatening
Détente: easing of cold war tensions
Feb. 1972: Nixon visited China
May 1972: Nixon 1st president to visit Soviet Union
SALT I TREATY (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks): limited arms race

8. ELECTION OF 1972 Democrats – Sen. George McGovern
Nixon won by a landslide

9. WATERGATE: WHAT???
WATERGATE = a building in DC where the Democratic National Committee had headquarters
WATERGATE SCANDAL = five men (working for Nixon) broke into Watergate building

10. WHEN & WHY???
June 17, 1972 guard caught 5 men breaking into campaign headquarters
Planned to photograph documents outlining Democratic strategy and place wiretaps
Use against them in 1972 presidential election

11. WHO???
“The Plumbers” - nickname for burglars because they “plugged” leaks (information)
Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein - Washington Post reporters that investigated the break-in
Deep Throat - their anonymous source

13. Nixon denied involvement
Woodward and Bernstein had proof contrary to Nixon’s denial
Senate started own investigation
John Dean revealed Nixon taped ALL Oval Office conversations
Senate demanded Nixon hand over tapes
Nixon: HELL NO! “EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE”
Supreme Court then demanded: US v. Nixon
Nixon was forced to give tapes to Senate Committee

14. July ‘74 Nixon handed over tapes
Oct. 73 Agnew resigns
Avoid trial on charges of accepting bribes and not paying taxes while he was governor of Maryland
Gerald Ford new VP
July ‘74 Nixon handed over tapes
3 charges:
Obstruction of justice
Abuse of power
Contempt of Congress
Nixon resigned August 8th, 1974
Ford sworn in August 9th, 1974
Ford pardoned Nixon of all crimes in September

15. RAMIFICATIONS Trust in government low Reduced the power of presidency
All political scandals end with the suffix gate
Cooled Cold War tensions
“Our long national nightmare is over”

16. “Age of Limits” Gerald Ford Recession 1974-75 WIN – Whip Inflation Now
Only president never elected
Congressman, MI
Restore confidence in gov’t
Pardoning of Nixon ruined reputation
Recession
WIN – Whip Inflation Now
SALT II

17. ELECTION OF 1976 Are you kidding me??? Republicans Democrats
Barely pick Ford (Reagan inches toward presidency)
Democrats
Dark horse Jimmy Carter
Gov. GA
Appeal: outsider, honest, pious, Nixon a republican, Carter a democrat…yeah.

18. Jimmy Carter Washington outsider Weak control of Congress
2nd energy crisis
Department of Energy
Three Mile Island
Defense of “human rights” abroad
Panama Canal
Camp David Accords
Iran Hostage Crisis

19. Jimmy Carter Foreign Policy Camp David Accords Human Rights policy
Panama Canal Treaty
End of détente
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
SALT II failed
U.S. grain embargo on U.S.S.R.
U.S. Boycott of 1980 Olympics
Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua
Iranian Revolution & Hostage Crisis