Intro to Chemistry

What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of the ___________ and __________ of ______ and the ________ it undergoes. compositionproperties matterchanges

What’s Matter? Matter is anything that has _____ and takes up ______ mass space Mass is the amount of ______ that a substance possesses. matter Weight is the effect of _______ on that mass. gravity

Mass vs. Weight Say you weigh ____ pounds on Earth and you travel to the moon. 150 You will only weigh ___ pounds, because the moon has ____ the ________. 25 1/6 Your _______ changes, but you still have the same _____ and take up the same amount of ______. weight mass space gravity

Types of Matter Matter is made of either ______________ or ________. pure substancesmixtures A pure substance is made of only ____ type of particle. one A mixture is made of _____ or _____ types of particles. twomore

Pure Substances A pure substance can be ___________ into smaller and smaller particles – but every piece still has the same _________ as the whole. subdivided properties A pure substance that is made of only one type of ______ is called an _______. atom element

Atoms & Elements Atoms are considered the ________ blocks of all ______, and cannot be _________ or __________. building matter createddestroyed There are approximately ____ different types of atoms, each with its own unique ___________. 109 composition If two or more atoms are ________ together, this substance is called a _________. joined compound

Compounds molecule compound Compounds are made by forming chemical ______ between ______. bondsatoms The smallest naturally-occurring unit of a __________ is called a ________. If substances are combined but they do ____ form chemical ______, the substance is called a _________. notbonds mixture

Mixtures A mixture that has the same ___________ throughout the substance is called a _____________ mixture. composition homogeneous Examples of homogeneous mixtures: salt water air vanilla pudding mayonnaise

Mixtures A mixture that does not have the same ___________ throughout the substance is called a _____________ mixture. composition heterogeneous Examples of heterogeneous mixtures: soil Rocky Road ice cream fruit salad mixed nuts

Which is it? Element Compound Mixture

Flowchart of Matter Matter Pure Substance Mixture ElementCompound Hetero- geneous Homo- geneous

Properties of Matter ___________ properties are those characteristics that can be _________ using our senses without changing the _______ of the substance. Physical observed Common physical properties include: colorcolor odor density physical state melting point boiling point identity

Properties of Matter ________ properties describe a substance’s ability to undergo _________ in ________. Chemical changesidentity Examples: _____ reacts with ____ and _____ to form ____ Ironairwater rust ______, ____ and _____ become _____ in the presence of _____. Floureggsugar cakeheat

Changes in Matter The changes that matter undergoes can be classified as either ________ or _________ changes. physical chemical Physical changes alter the _________ properties of the substance, but not its basic ___________. physical composition *A physical change: changes what you ______ like, but not ____ you ____. look whoare

Changes in Matter A chemical change alters the __________ and _________ of a substance. compositionstructure Chemical changes are always accompanied by changes in _______. energy *A chemical change: changes ____________ about you! everything The __________ of a chemical change have _________ properties! products different

Chemical Changes Signs of a Chemical Change  change in color or odor  formation of a gas  formation of a precipitate (solid)  change in light or heat

Physical vs. Chemical Examples: –rusting iron –dissolving in water –burning a log –melting ice –grinding spices chemical physical chemical physical

Physical vs. Chemical Physical Chemical

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Qualitative analysis deals with the _________ of a substance: qualities color odor State of matter ** These can be _________ without regard for the ________ of the substance. observed amount

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Quantitative analysis deals with __________ the substance. measuring THINK!!! Quantitative = QUANTITY temperature mass volume