Japans Cooperation for Rural Water in Senegal and its impact on Gender Takeo Ishikawa Director Water Resources Management Division II Water Resource and Disaster Management Group Global Environment Department Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) 29 May 2008, Gender and Infrastructure Workshop TICAD IV side-event

1 Contents 1. Japans Cooperation for Rural Water Supply in Senegal 2. Case Study: Impact on gender observed through the four dimensions of societies 3. Conclusion ~ as seen from the case study ~

Status of Rural Water Supply and Sanitation in Senegal Senegal million people Senegal million people Source The Atlas of WATER 2006 Zimbabwe Nigeria Ethiopia

3 PEPTAC Phase2 ( ) Site area (Tambacounda etc.) 1-2. Japans Cooperation for Rural Water Supply in Senegal PEPTAC Phase1 ( ( Site area (arid zone: Louga etc.) Grant Aid Cooperation Construction of Water Pipe Network with Public water Tap Total of 119 facilities No. of Beneficiaries: 300,000 (since1979)

4 Photos of water facilities in construction 1-3. Japans Cooperation for Rural Water Supply in Senegal

5 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 1 Establishing system for the maintenance of water supply facilities Activity 4 Community Development Developing capacity of Management Committees Promoting hygiene and appropriate use of water Sustainable safe water supply phase 1 ( phase2 ( ) phase 1 ( phase 2 ( ) 1-4. Technical Cooperation PEPTAC

6 Source Gender and Infrastructure W/S TICAD,Japan,May2008 Concept Note Type of Impact Sanitation & Hygiene Potable Water EnergyICTTransport Social Empowerment Dignity × × Equal Voice: Individual, Household, Community Access to administrative, financial, and technical services Mobility within or outside the community × Economic Empowerment Time Saved Productivity Income × Human Capital Development Basic Needs Access to Health Access to Education × Leisure Risks and Vulnerabilities Security 2-1. Case Study of its impact on gender in the light of the four dimensions

Influence to Social Empowerment Type of Impact Degree of impact Specific Outcome Grant Aid Technical Cooperation DignityLowHigh Confidence has been built to do basic repairs by themselves Women have gained small savings from CDA. This is significant in a traditional rural society. Equal Voice: Individual, Household, Community LowHigh By regulation, 1/3 or more of the management members are now women Women has become water managers from just being water users 10% (90s) => 30 50% (present) Access to administrativ e, financial, and Technical LowMiddle 70% of the water fee collectors are women

Influence to Economical Empowerment Type of Impact Degree of impact by scheme Specific Outcome Grant Aid Technical Cooperation Time Saved HighLow Time for water collection has been shortened from 5-6 hours to about 2 hours per day. Labor load has also been reduced Productivity HighLow Improvements were seen in raising livestock because of increased water supply Income MiddleLow Diversification of vegetable cultivation were seen because of increase in water supply which became available during dry season Photo

Influence to Basic Human Capital Development Type of Impact Degree of impact Specific Outcome Grant Aid Technical Cooperation Basic Needs HighMiddle Access to safe water has been secured (for about 300,000 people) Sustainable operation is secured (shortening of repair period 2years => 5 months) Access to Health High Cases of diarrhea decreased by 30% with the delivery of safe water Further improvement in health achieved through better ways of transporting water and by providing education on sanitary ways of storing water Access to Education HighMiddle Drop-out rate in elementary schools has decreased School enrollment is encouraged through hygiene education in schools Text book promoting better ways to handle water Photo of a class teaching water and sanitation

10 3. Conclusion Grant Aid Technical Cooperation Contribution to Economical Empowerment and Human Capital Development Contribution to Economical Empowerment and Human Capital Development Contribution to Social Empowerment Contribution to Social Empowerment In order to achieve significant impacts in the various dimensions of gender, it is important to combine both Infrastructure (Grant Aid) and Capacity Development (Technical Cooperation) assistance. In order to achieve significant impacts in the various dimensions of gender, it is important to combine both Infrastructure (Grant Aid) and Capacity Development (Technical Cooperation) assistance. Grant Aid Technical Cooperation Total Social Empowerment Economic Empowerment Human Capital Development

11 Thank you for your kind attention Thank you for your kind attention