The Europeans Chapter 1 Section 2
Largely based on agriculture More food = Cheaper food = More people Cities were growing rapidly as a result Europe’s Economy
Extreme difference between wealthy class and the impoverished Aristocrats = most prestigious Those who inherited social rank & title & owned large estates worked by peasants. Great Merchants = less honored but often wealthier 3/5 were working poor – who rented the land that they worked from aristocrats. Many ended up beggars. A Society of Unequal Classes
Europe is full of differing cultures These different peoples made up varying kingdoms They would wage war on each other in order to gain more land & resources. Warring Kingdoms
The Crusades and the Expansion of Trade Muslims defeated the European Crusaders Long lasting effects that benefitted Europeans Europeans: became aware of different lands & different ways of life came home with new goods & raw materials from the East including silks, gems & spices. Europe Looks Beyond Its Borders
Renewed interest in learning and the advancement of the arts & sciences People became interested in the world around them New inventions aided people to travel farther than ever before Allowed people to broaden their intellect Ex. – The Printing Press – made books quickly & cheaply – as a result, more people became literate. The Renaissance & New Ideas
Europeans vs Muslims = competition Both expanded their empires as far as possible Europeans Seek New Trade Routes
Portugal takes early lead in exploration using the new invention called the “Caravel” Portugal also expanded the slave trade throughout West Africa. The Portuguese Begin To Explore