PewInternet.org As learning goes mobile Lee Rainie, Director, Pew Internet Project Educause - Philadelphia

Anti-executive summary Which textbook company stocks to buy or dump? (Who’ll do the ebooks thing best?) Are students’ attention spans shorter now? Are students’ brains being rewired? Are students more narcissistic and more indifferent to privacy? What’s the matter with kids today? (Or… Questions I cannot answer)

What I think I know about the rise of mobile learning 1.Mobile connectivity is changing social and information spaces by enhancing/enabling … – New access points to knowledge – Real-time information sharing – Just-in-time searches – Perpetual, pervasive awareness of social networks – Augmented reality 2.Ubiquitous small screens are changing attention and media zones (including text-based media!) 3.Mobile connectivity is changing public and private space/time continuum 4.New kinds of learners are emerging in dig. environ.

Digital Revolution 1 Internet (78%) and Broadband at home (62%) 64% 62%

Networked creators among internet users 65% are social networking site users 55% share photos 37% contribute rankings and ratings 33% create content tags 30% share personal creations 26% post comments on sites and blogs 15% have personal website 15% are content remixers 14% are bloggers 13% use Twitter 6% location services – 9% allow location awareness from social media – 23% maps etc.

Consequences for learning ecosystem Volume Velocity Valence / Relevance

Digital Revolution 2 Social networking – 50% of all adults

Social networks and social media become more important in people’s learning strategies Consequences for learning ecosystem

What does this mean? 1) Social networks are more influential and are differently segmented and layered Sentries

What does this mean? Evaluators 1) Social networks are more influential and are differently segmented and layered

What does this mean? Audience = New media are the new neighborhood 1) Social networks are more influential and are differently segmented and layered

Digital Revolution 3 Mobile – 84% Total U.S. population: million

56% of adults own laptops – up from 30% in % of adults own MP3 players – up from 11% in % of adults own DVRs – up from 3% in % of adults own game consoles 12% of adults own e-book readers - Kindle 9% of adults own tablet computer - iPad

35% own “smartphones”

Source: Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project, April 26-May 22, 2011 Tracking Survey. N=2,277 adults 18 and older, including 755 reached via cell phone.

Mobile internet connectors – 63% adults

Source: Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project 2010 tracking surveys. All include landline and cell phone interviews. N for all adults=9,769; n for year old non- students=717; n for four-year undergrads=246, n for grad students=112, n for community college students=164. Connected college students

25% of smartphone owners use it as primary device to go online All smartphone owners (n=688)25% Gender Men (n=349) 24 Women (n=339) 26 Age (n=177) (n=256) (n=240) 10 Race/Ethnicity White, non-Hispanic (n=417) 17 Black/Latino(n=206) 38 Household Income Less than $30,000 (n=131) 40 $30,000-$49,999 (n=118) 29 $50,000+ (n=334) 17 Education level High school grad (n=169) 33 Some college (n=171) 27 College grad (n=308) 13

Cell phone activities

Interesting tidbit: 17% of American adult cell phones owners have bumped into another person or an object because they were distracted by talking or texting on their phones. Cell phone activities

84% use cell phones 35% have apps 24% use apps All adults May 2010 and Nov 2010 surveys 1 in 4 adults use apps

Uses of apps Popular apps Games News/weather Maps Social networking Music Entertainment/food Banking Sports Shopping Movies Top apps functions Info updates Communication Learn about interests Destinations Work tasks Purchases Extra info about event Health

Back to the four things that I think I know

1.Mobile connectivity is changing social and information spaces by enhancing/enabling: – New access points to knowledge E-books and the cloud Conversation starter for internet use and chatter – Real-time information sharing Opportunism and pain avoidance “Hyper-coordination” of group activities

1.Mobile connectivity is changing social and information spaces by enhancing/enabling: – Just-in-time searches New “smarts” New cognition – Perpetual, pervasive awareness/access to social networks Deeper connection and consultation Incentive “to network” via social media – Augmented reality Merger of real world and data New kinds of learning amplification

Continuous partial attention in “streams” 2. Ubiquitous small screens are changing attention and media zones (including text-based media!)

Immersive experiences and deep dives 2. Ubiquitous small screens are changing attention and media zones (including text-based media!)

Info-snacking 2. Ubiquitous small screens are changing attention and media zones (including text-based media!)

Day dreaming 2. Ubiquitous small screens are changing attention and media zones (including text-based media!)

Anywhere Any device Any time Alone together 3. Mobile connectivity is changing public and private space/time continuum

More self directed, less top-down Better arrayed to capture new information inputs More reliant on feedback and response More inclined to collaboration More open to cross discipline insights and creating their own “tagged” taxonomies More oriented towards people being their own individual nodes of production 4. New kinds of learners are emerging in the digital environment

What is the future of knowledge? -- Shana Ratner (1997) “Emerging Issues in Learning Communities” New: Learning as a process Knowledge is objective and certain Old: Learning as transaction Knowledge is subjective and provisional

What is the future of knowledge? -- Shana Ratner (1997) “Emerging Issues in Learning Communities” New: Learning as a process Learners receive knowledge Old: Learning as transaction Learners create knowledge

What is the future of knowledge? -- Shana Ratner (1997) “Emerging Issues in Learning Communities” New: Learning as a process Knowledge is organized in stable, hierarchical structures that can be treated independently of one another Old: Learning as transaction Knowledge is organized “ecologically”- disciplines are integrative and interactive

What is the future of knowledge? -- Shana Ratner (1997) “Emerging Issues in Learning Communities” New: Learning as a process We learn best passively, by listening and watching Old: Learning as transaction We learn best actively doing and managing our own learning

What is the future of knowledge? -- Shana Ratner (1997) “Emerging Issues in Learning Communities” New: Learning as a process Our “intelligence” is based on our individual abilities Old: Learning as transaction Our “intelligence” is based on our learning communities

Be not afraid