Bellringer COMPLETE SENTENCES!!!! Define “substance”, and give an example.

Mixtures, Elements, and Compounds Objectives: 1.0 Differentiate among pure substances, mixtures, and compounds. 1.3 Distinguishing between homogeneous and heterogeneous forms of matter Other AOD C.1.1 Define substance, mixture, element, and compound. Other AOD C.1.2 Compare mixtures and compounds. AHSGE Reading 4.3 Discern organizational patterns.

Mixtures Def.: a combination of 2 or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics. Examples: –Sand and water –Salt water (desalination plants)

Types of Mixtures Heterogeneous mixtures – not blended or mixed smoothly –Sand and water –Fresh-squeezed orange juice –Ham and pineapple pizza Homogeneous mixtures (aka, solutions) – have a constant composition throughout –Air (gas-gas solution) –Soda (gas-liquid solution) –Humid air (liquid-gas solution) –Koolaid (solid-liquid solution)

Methods of Separating Mixtures 1.Filtration – separates solids from liquids 2.Distillation : separates substances on the basis of boiling points of the substances 1.Separates dissolved solids from liquids 2.Separates liquids from liquids 3.Crystallization – used with super- saturated solutions (rock candy) 4.Chromatography

Elements Def.: a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means All known elements are found on the periodic table of elements. –Much contribution to this organization pattern by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev –Names and symbols –Rows = periods –Columns = groups or families (These will have similar properties.)

Compounds Def.: a combination of 2 or more different elements that are combined chemically in fixed proportions (has a chemical formula!) Examples: –Water –Salt –Sugar –Aspirin

Think About This! What is the difference between a compound and an element? Compounds CAN be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. If both substances and compounds have a “chemical formula” what is the difference between a substance and a compound? Substances can be either elements OR compounds.

Verbal Assessment & Assignment P.69 (15-17, 19) Workbook: p. 16 (ALL); p.17 (1-16)