1. Physical Science 513 - Unit 2 2.1 Classification of Matter

2. Lesson Objectives Unit 2 1.Correctly classify matter as an element, compound, or mixture 2.Identify heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures 3.Compare and contrast mixtures and compounds 4.Describe 8 common techniques for separating mixtures

3. Classification of Matter Matter Has mass Takes up space

4. Classification of Matter Matter Pure Substance Element Compound

5. Classification of Matter Pure Substances 1. Elements A substance that contains only one kind of matter (atom). Elements cannot be broken down. Ex.- The element silver contains only silver atoms.

6. Classification of Matter Pure Substances 2. Compounds Formed from the chemical combination of two or more elements. Cannot be separated by physical means but can be separated by chemical means.

7. Classification of Matter - Compounds Properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements its made from. Example: The compound NaCl (salt) is made up of the elements sodium and chlorine.

8. Classification of Matter Elements combine to form compounds

9. Classification of Matter Matter Pure Substance Mixture Element Compound HomogeneousHeterogeneous

10. Classification of Matter Mixtures Mixtures are not compounds! They are a physical combination of substances The properties of the components of the mixture do not change

11. Classification of Matter Mixtures 1. Heterogeneous mixture Does not have constant composition. Different samples will have different properties. Components are visibly distinguishable. Examples: Sand in water Chicken noodle soup Salt and pepper

12. Classification of Matter Mixtures : 2. Homogeneous Mixture Constant composition. Every sample has identical properties. Components not visibly distinguishable. Examples: Salt dissolved in water (all solutions) Soda Air

13. Practice Classifying Matter Are the following pure substances or mixtures? Table salt Mixed nuts Sugar Fruit Salad Aspirin Prepared instant coffee Pure substance Heterogeneous Pure Substance Mixture Heterogeneous Homogeneous

14. Separation of Mixtures Mixtures can be separated based on different physical properties of the components Settling Hand Separation When particles settle down/sediment. Particle size is the important physical property. Tools can be used to pick out different components based on size, shape, color, magnetism

15. Separation of Mixtures Filtration Distillation Mixture is poured over a porous paper that allows liquids to pass through but not solids. Mixture is heated and the component with the lowest boiling point is vaporized. Vapor passes through a cooled tube where it condenses back to its liquid state and is collected.

16. Separation of Mixtures Evaporation Centrifugation Mixture is heated until liquid reaches boiling point and becomes a gas. Mixture is spun to separate components based on density. (machine uses centripetal force)

17. Separation of Mixtures Extraction Paper Chromatography A solvent is added to a solid mixture to dissolve one or more of the components. Mixture travels through a Paper (wick). Components with weakest attraction to paper travel faster and separate from other components.