Alkenes and alkynes Saturated organic compounds: bonds between carbons are single bonds (share 1 pair of electron; alkanes) Unsaturated organic compounds:

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Presentation transcript:

Alkenes and alkynes Saturated organic compounds: bonds between carbons are single bonds (share 1 pair of electron; alkanes) Unsaturated organic compounds: there is at least one bond between carbons that is a double (alkene) or a triple (alkyne)

alkenes Contain one or more double bond. Ethene is simplest alkene, also called ethylene To name an alkene: 1. find the longest chain that contains the double bond, this is the parent alkene. 2. ending of parent alkenes is –ene 3. the chain is numbered so that carbons of the double bond have the lowest possible numbers. 4. Substituents are named and numbered the same way as in alkanes.

Ex. Name the following alkene CH 2 =C-CH 2 -CH 3 CH 3 Draw the structure for 1,4-hexadiene

Learning check Write the structure for 2,3-diethyl-1-cyclohexene Name the following alkene: CH 3 CH 3 C=CCH 3 CH 3

alkynes Contain one or more triple bond. Ethyne is simplest alkyne, also called acetylene (used in welding torches) To name an alkyne: 1. find the longest chain that contains the triple bond, this is the parent alkyne. 2. ending of parent alkynes is –yne 3. the chain is numbered so that carbons of the triple bond have the lowest possible numbers. 4. Substituents are named and numbered the same way as in alkanes.

Properties of alkenes and alkynes Alkenes Are nonpolar Low melting and boiling points More reactive than alkanes Alkynes Similar to alkenes More reactive than alkenes

Classwork P761 #17-18, p764 #19-22