Environmental Science Chapter 9 Notes #1

Why people go hungry… Terms Terms Malnutrition : getting enough calories, but not the proper nutrients Malnutrition : getting enough calories, but not the proper nutrients Proper Nutrients include: Proper Nutrients include: Proteins Proteins Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Fats Fats Vitamins and Minerals Vitamins and Minerals Famine : widespread food shortage Famine : widespread food shortage

Why people go hungry… Carbohydrates Carbohydrates provide energy for the body provide energy for the body Energy yield = 4 Cal/gram Energy yield = 4 Cal/gram Fats Fats a form of energy your body can store for later use a form of energy your body can store for later use Energy yield = 9 Cal/gram Energy yield = 9 Cal/gram Proteins Proteins Builds structures and maintains the body Builds structures and maintains the body Provides us with 8 essential amino acids Provides us with 8 essential amino acids Energy yield = 4 Cal/gram Energy yield = 4 Cal/gram

Why people go hungry… Fun Math - For Lunch Gunnar consumed 100 grams of protein, 20 grams of fat, and 75 grams of carbohydrates - How many total Calories? - In this meal, what percentage of his meal is protein? fats? carbohydrates?

Why people go hungry… - Fun Math - For Lunch Gunnar consumed 100 grams of protein, 20 grams of fat, and 75 grams of carbohydrates - If Gunnar cut his fat in half, how many fewer calories would he consume? New Caloric intake?

Why people go hungry… Food Production (agricultural yields) has increased over the last 50 years Food Production (agricultural yields) has increased over the last 50 years Human population is also growing rapidly Human population is also growing rapidly If we evenly split all the food made – NO ONE would get the proper nutrients to remain healthy If we evenly split all the food made – NO ONE would get the proper nutrients to remain healthy Bottom Line – food production isn’t increasing as quickly as the human population Bottom Line – food production isn’t increasing as quickly as the human population

Why people go hungry… Other causes of food shortages Other causes of food shortages Drought Drought Causes crop damage/failure Causes crop damage/failure Political issues Political issues Wars/disputes = disrupt transportation and then food can’t get to people that need it Wars/disputes = disrupt transportation and then food can’t get to people that need it Political struggles – one side can withhold food to get the other side to give up other items in order to get food back Political struggles – one side can withhold food to get the other side to give up other items in order to get food back

Why people go hungry… “Green Revolution” “Green Revolution” 1950’s to 1970’ in Asia and Latin America 1950’s to 1970’ in Asia and Latin America New gains introduced to produce higher yields New gains introduced to produce higher yields Yields Yields amount of crop produced per acre/hectare amount of crop produced per acre/hectare

Why people go hungry… Problems Problems Grains needed fertilizer/pesticides/proper irrigation Grains needed fertilizer/pesticides/proper irrigation Very Expensive Very Expensive Subsistence farmers (crop production is limited to meeting the food need’s of one family) could not afford to grow these grains Subsistence farmers (crop production is limited to meeting the food need’s of one family) could not afford to grow these grains

Why people go hungry… Current/Common Agricultural Ventures Current/Common Agricultural Ventures Livestock Livestock Chicken, cows, sheep, etc … Chicken, cows, sheep, etc … Meat/Dairy, leather goods, wool, manure, etc. Meat/Dairy, leather goods, wool, manure, etc. Plants Plants Corn, wheat, etc Corn, wheat, etc Wheat = popular choice, used in many products, because it requires the least amount of energy to produce Wheat = popular choice, used in many products, because it requires the least amount of energy to produce

Why People go hungry Interesting Facts: Interesting Facts: Developed countries have diets that are much higher in proteins and fats compared to developing countries Developed countries have diets that are much higher in proteins and fats compared to developing countries The US is in the top ten “Most Obese Nations” (currently we are #1) The US is in the top ten “Most Obese Nations” (currently we are #1) Michigan is in the top 10 “most obese states” (currently #10 – as of July 2011) Michigan is in the top 10 “most obese states” (currently #10 – as of July 2011)

Assignments Read Section 9.1 (before tomorrow) Read Section 9.1 (before tomorrow) Complete the 9.1 worksheet Complete the 9.1 worksheet