Towards Inclusive Green Growth - Additional input for further discussion - Tomonori SUDO, Ph.D., Advisor, Office for Global Issues and Development Partnership Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Urban population by Region Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects, the 2011 Revision. New York, 2012 Urban populations have increased sharply and now comprise half of the worlds population. This is projected to grow to around 6.4 billion 70 % of the worlds population by This rapid urbanization is seen prominently in developing regions such as Asia and Africa and has caused various environmental and urban problems.

4 Identification of factors to increase CO 2 Emission by economic growth and its forecast Design of Social –Economic system with high resource productivity Quantification of possible reduction of energy consumption by recycle use and/or cascade use of resource Possibility of CO 2 Emission Reduction by alternative resource use (esp. focus on Renewable resources) Breakdown of Kaya Identity in resource consumption aspect CO 2 Emission POP× × × GDP Energy Consumption CO 2 Emission POP GDP Energy Consumption CO 2 Emission Resource Cons Energy Cons CO 2 Emission GDP GDP Resource Cons Energy Cons × × Possibility on Compact city, Rental/Lease society Service economy, use of ICT Resource recovery from waste and stocks International division of labour and International material cycle Alternate fossil fuels by use of biomass, energy from waste Factor analysis of CO 2 Emission focus on resource consumption Analysis on possible Leapfrogging development path for deving countries Hypothesis Society with high resource productivity Low Carbon Society Seeking possible style on sustainable production and consumption. It is fundamentally recognized that increase of energy consumption and GHG emission in the lifecycle has been led by increase of production/consumption of goodsresource saving and low carbon development are deeply related. Toward Low-Carbon Development