Implementing a Serial Work in an Electronic Resources Management System NASIG 2004 Kristin Antelman

Innovation in context E-Matrix as a testbed Use both FRBR and a user-centered approach to inform design Develop in a system not bound by MARC or ILS functionality

Moving to second generation electronic resource management systems  manage data not supported by the ILS  generate e-journal and database web lists  data models, simple tools (e.g., MS Access)  data often maintained in two places  more ambitious resource management objectives  more sophisticated public displays  complex data models, advanced database tools (e.g., Oracle)  single authoritative data stores

E Matrix objectives manage electronic and print subscriptions, bundles support licensing, product evaluation; manage and use faculty-provided data Acquisitions Collection Management Discovery and display enhance access points; improve user displays

E Matrix development  Principles for sustainability and data quality  migrate legacy applications into E-Matrix  define a single authoritative data store for each data element  query existing data stores in real time wherever possible

catalog E-Matrix licensing database journal prices, evaluative data acquisition “shepherding” form journal bundle contents use statistics local e-journal database (Serial Solutions) SFX Knowledgebase (XML change file) MARCXML files for databases display fund code PO # price Sirsi Unicorn tables etc. titles, licensing, pricing, bundles, access, holdings, usage stats, etc. relationships, local subject terms, keywords, descriptions, etc. local subject terms, keywords, descriptions

“As a rule of thumb, consider two items to be the same work if they would be considered interchangeable by most users, or if a user seeking one would actually find the other preferable.” [Yee]  Serials are (apparently) an aggregate work in FRBR: “the entity work may represent an intellectually or artistically discrete component of a larger work, such as a chapter of a report, a segment of a map, an article in a journal, etc.” FRBR Sec. 3.3  What the experts say  “FRBRization” experiments “At a conceptual level, the entity defined as a work in FRBR is clearly applicable to works issued serially. In the FRBR model, the serial work would be viewed as an aggregate work.” [Delsey] “Although FRBR does not explicitly make the statement, it seems that continuing resources are regarded in the model as works.” [Le Boeuf] FRBR and serials

Three perspectives on the “work” work = ideational + semantic content, i.e., a specific linguistic text work = single author + title Average reader Textual scholar work = ideational and a specific text Librarian [Wilson, “Two Kinds of Power,” 1968]

“Does every title change always indicate a substantial transformation of a continuing resource into another continuing resource? Does a title change affect the Manifestation level or the Work level of a continuing resource?” [Le Boeuf] Combining FRBR principles with the user perspective challenges two assumptions 1. All journal “versions” are manifestations of the same expression of the work. 2. A title change creates a new work. “The various related works that make up the history of a given serial can only be assembled by a user who happens to be in a library that holds issues entered under each title the serial has held … Is this really the right way to conceive of a serial work?” [Yee]

Creating displays that reflect key relationships Horizontal both equivalence and derivative relationships (776,787) [versions and title changes] sequential relationships (780,785) [title changes, related works] whole/part and other relationships [related works] Chronological Vertical

A modified FRBR model for serial description in E-Matrix: the version problem  Libraries manage journal “manifexpressions” “American Scientist” work American Scientist paper copy from publisher American Scientist selected articles from Ebsco db #1 American Scientist selected articles from Proquest db #2 American Scientist full text from publisher

 User displays should draw on all three levels: work, expression and manifestation “American Scientist” work American Scientist full text American Scientist from Ebsco db #1 American Scientist selected articles American Scientist paper copy from publisher American Scientist e-copy from publisher American Scientist from Proquest db #2 A modified FRBR model for serial description in E-Matrix: the version problem

The title change = new work problem Delsey: “In AACR the FRBR concept of work is reflected in the ‘citation for the work.’ … Since the majority of serials are entered under title, the citation for the serial work is in most cases the title.”

The need for a work identifier title versions of the same work can have different titles uniform title ISSN ISTC DOI Need non-semantic bibliographic work identifier serves to differentiate instead of collocate multiple for same title; tied to title publisher-defined work, usually FRBR expression ditto

E-MATRIX FIND RESOURCES BIBLIOGRAPHIC DETAILS ACQUISITIONS DETAILS LICENSING ACCESS INFO EVALUATIVE ELEMENTS ADMINISTRATION INFO CEP PROCESSING REPORTS Resource Subjects / Descriptions Related Titles work ID 156 resource type select Title Vendor Provider Publisher ISSN OCLC e-ISSN Add Format [print, electronic] Location: library & call number Print holdings: link to OPAC OR summary holdings E-holdings: summary holdings [for this manifestation] Embargo period: # [unit] Update freq.: [days] Full Text [yes, no, some]

E-MATRIX FIND RESOURCES BIBLIOGRAPHIC DETAILS ACQUISITIONS DETAILS LICENSING ACCESS INFO EVALUATIVE ELEMENTS ADMINISTRATION INFO CEP PROCESSING REPORTS Resource Subjects / Descriptions Related Titles work ID 156 TitleVendorISSNHoldingse-ISSN [work ID related titles clickable] Related titles [from MARC linking fields for serials] TitleISSNHoldingsRelationship [e.g., succeeding, preceding] journal of x archives of x associate

[model staff view] WorkIDTitleformat vendor ISSNeISSNholdings 25Journal of Aging Studies pElsevier … …. 25Journal of Aging Studies e Elsevier… 25Journal of Aging Studies eEbsco… 25Journal of Aging Studies e Gale… 1. User searches are run against title index (as well as other indexes) 2. All manifestations of the work are retrieved using the work ID [staff view] 3. What should display look like? [public view]  need user interface testing How user displays are generated Journal of Aging Studies Search GO [model public view] Titleformatholdingslocation Journal of Aging Studies (1995-present) full text electronic1995- URL for Sciencedirect print HQ1060.J25 selected articleselectronic1997-URL for Wilson db electronic URL for Ebsco db

 Open up conversations about managing bibliographic items in the electronic environment  E-Matrix serves as a fertile testbed for experimentation and innovation Lessons learned so far