Telematics, Officer Safety, and Below 100

“It’s more dangerous to give an officer a car than a gun.” -Charles Miller FBI’s Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) program “If it’s predictable, it’s preventable.” - Gordon Graham, retired CHP Commander, attorney, and nationally recognized risk management expert

THE CHALLENGE An average of 52 police officers have died each year from vehicular related incidents in the past 5 years Vehicular incidents are the leading cause of death for police officers in US. Most are preventable. Significant number are single vehicle crashes. Seat belt compliance is very poor, estimated at less than 50%. Unknown number of injuries, but number is vastly higher Civilian deaths/injuries from police-involved crashes is much higher; no national statistics, but according to ABC News, more than 10,000 civilians have been killed or injured in police-involved crashes in the past decade in California alone. Liability costs are immense. Again, no national data is available, but as an example, one large city has paid out more than $30 million in liability claims for police involved crashes in the past decade. Page 3

WHAT WE TEACH Wear your belt Wear your vest Watch your speed WIN: What’s Important Now? Remember: Complacency kills!

BUT HOW DO WE KNOW IF IT’S WORKING? Reduced crashes, injuries, fatalities? Reduced liability costs? Reduced repair costs? Reduced officer & vehicle downtime for repair/recovery? Those are passive and reactive assessments, and somewhat hard to quantify in terms of cause & effect Below 100 Starts

IT CAN – AND DOES - WORK Yolo County Sheriff in Northern California has achieved spectacular results through measuring and coaching on a single metric (http://www.lawofficer.com/article/below-100/don-t-just-provide-training-ch)

Now Imagine Tools at Your Disposal to Measure… (Cont’d.) Speeding (both absolute and as % over posted limit) Light Bar status Siren status Fuel Dispensed Police Switch Control 1 Police Switch Control 2 Police Switch Control 3 Police Switch Control 4 Airbag Deployed Accelerator Pedal Position And of course… Things like location, direction of travel, speed

If Yolo County Can Do That With A Single Metric, Imagine What You Could Do With… Latitudinal Acceleration (Right- Left) Longitudinal Acceleration (Fore-Aft) Stability Control Spin Out Yaw Relative Steering Wheel Angle Steering Wheel Angle Offset Correction “Pursuit Mode” Driving without Seat belt Electronic Stability Control Actuation Anti-Lock Braking System Actuation

Enter Telematics Gartner’s definition: “Telematics refers to the use of wireless devices and “black box” technologies to transmit data in real time back to an organization. Typically, it’s used in the context of automobiles, whereby installed or after-factory boxes collect and transmit data on vehicle use, maintenance requirements or automotive servicing.” In practicality, telematics accesses vehicle data in real time and transmits that actionable data to a central location for storage, use, and reporting. The data that can be accessed varies by make and model, though some basic data is available from most contemporary cars at the OBD II port. The comprehensive law enforcement specific data shown earlier is only available on Ford Police Interceptors and Police Interceptor Utilities.

Then There’s Stuff for Your Fleet Manager Odometer Ignition Status Fuel Used Transmission Fluid Temp VIN Seat belt warning Low Tire Pressure Lamp Outage ABS Event Traction Control Airbag Light On Driving without Seat belt Low Brake Fluid Low Engine Oil Pressure

Yaw Yaw (also known as yaw axis) is defined as a temporary deviation from a straight course. While your vehicle is heading in the proper direction, yaw is the unsteady movement in the opposite direction the car is pointing. No yaw Yaw Yaw

Use Cases Determine baseline of your drivers’ behavior Determine metrics of desired driving behaviors View “scorecards” of driving behaviors, with undesired behavior patterns highlighted Allows coaching of desired behaviors, fact-based focus on individual behavior patterns of specific drivers Receive email/text alerts of user specified events meeting defined criteria (obvious one is airbag deployment) Assists with accident reconstruction Identify specific driving behaviors on a fleet-wide basis that result in collisions, injuries, complaints, etc.

How Does It Work? Vehicle data is continually provided at the OBD II port That data is collected via a third-party device and transmitted via radio (typically cellular) to a collection/processing point That data is collected and organized for viewing; reports, scorecards, and maps are made available with appropriate security authorization Alerts can be sent in real time via text and/or email upon certain criteria or thresholds being met Currently, no data is stored at the in-vehicle device

BETTER SAFETY STARTS WITH BETTER DATA Light bar status Stability Control Spin out ABS event Seatbelt status Engine torque Harsh acceleration Hard braking Excessive speed

DRIVER SAFETY SCORECARD Align with Safety policy… Coach/train desired behaviors Reward safe driving Proactively coach to correct patterns of dangerous driving Consider doing something using our own report card rather than this mockup.

DRIVER BEHAVIOR DASHBOARD

IMPROVE OFFICER SAFETY Real-time data insights Configurable alerts

Effective coaching on driver behavior patterns and vehicle stability EFFICIENT FLEET MANAGEMENT Training Effective coaching on driver behavior patterns and vehicle stability Maintenance Track diagnostics to streamline maintenance programs Insights Customized alerts and reports that lead to more informed decisions

BENEFITS OF TELEMATICS Coach safe driving practices based on driving behavior trends Reduce liability though proactive coaching and improved driver behaviors Encourage and reward desired driving behaviors based on hard data Defend against complaints and litigation through access to factual data Use in conjunction with Below 100 training to encourage a culture of safety

Flexibility is Vital Must establish your own baseline; every agency, every city/county/patrol environment is different Example: % over posted speed – in small town where max speed limit is 25 mph, criteria must be different than in Texas with 85 mph freeways and 65 mph posted surface streets Each agency must establish what behavior criterion are acceptable; may adjust over time as success increases Vast amount of data is available and being collected; will fine tune alerts over time Who gets alerts? How? When? Security profiles on data access Can officers view their own data at will? In-car alerts? In car data viewing?

Proper Management Use is Critical Shouldn’t be used punitively Individual events – unless egregious – shouldn’t be used for correction or discipline Tool must be used to identify patterns of driving behavior that may need correction Best used as a tool for coaching to achieve desired behaviors, not as a disciplinary tool Recognize safe, desired driving behavior – and improvements over time

Things that make you go “hmmm…” You qualify on the range once a month… but how often do you use your sidearm on the job? You get driver training in the academy, and often that’s it… but how often do you use your vehicle on the job? And how are we losing the most cops?

“11A22, 10-19 and see the watch commander” is not the point here.

Which would you rather hear? Which supervisor would you rather be? “Well, you haven’t crashed a unit in almost 8 months, so I guess everything is going OK. In fact, we’re gonna give you a new squad.”

Which would you rather hear? Which supervisor would you rather be? “Your excessive speed is down 78% over the past 3 months, both hard braking and harsh acceleration are down over 40%, and your seat belt use is over 98%. I’ve had two of the guys tell me that you’ve had ‘courageous conversations’ with them about their driving and situational awareness that made a real difference in their outlook. You’re setting a great example for your peers, and you’re doing the right stuff to make it until your retirement. Nice job.”

“Did somebody here call 9-1-1?”

You’ve got enough to worry about already…

You don’t need this, too…

OR this

Contact: Gary L. Oldham Manager, Public Safety Business Development Telogis Round Rock, Texas (512) 987-1056 gary.oldham@telogis.com www.telogis.com/lawenforcement @garytx & @police_driving

Police Driving Safety News on Twitter @Police_Driving

Officer Oldham was killed when his police motorcycle was struck head-on by a drunk driver. The motorcycle was the same one that Officer Richard Armijo was killed on five months earlier. Officer Oldham had served with the Albuquerque Police Department for 1 year. He was survived by his wife and daughter. Patrolman John Oldham was struck and killed by a vehicle while directing traffic.  Patrolman Harold Hambrick, who witnessed the incident, suffered a fatal heart attack. Patrolman Oldham had been with the Texas Department of Public Safety for two years and was stationed at Baird. He was survived by his son, John II, and daughter, Jana.