GS/ESC | 21/05/2014 | © Robert Bosch GmbH All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. Coasting in WLTP: BOSCH proposal Gasoline Systems Coasting (=Sailing) in WLTP: BOSCH proposal Dr. Ansgar Christ Gasoline Systems Advanced & System Engineering Customer safe comfortable clean and efficient Invented for life 1

GS/ESC | 21/05/2014 | © Robert Bosch GmbH All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. Coasting in WLTP: BOSCH proposal Gasoline Systems Motivation  Coasting (=Sailing) means driving a vehicle with open power train, i.e. use natural deceleration, when ICE power demand is low with engine idling or engine off  Coasting technology (esp. w/ engine off) enables significant CO 2 savings in real life “Natural” usage for the driver: Just release gas pedal Coasting occurs in average 20…30% (average vehicle) of the total driving time  In homologation test cycles a vehicle has to follow the given speed profile as close as possible. Coasting is nearly impossible. Problem to solve: Provide a simple methodology to quantify real-life Coasting benefit in WLTC which is easily integrated into WLTP GTR? rolling distance veh. speed Coasting fuel cut off  increased rolling distance due to eliminated engine drag  increased rolling distance due to eliminated engine drag rolling distance 2

GS/ESC | 21/05/2014 | © Robert Bosch GmbH All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. Coasting in WLTP: BOSCH proposal Gasoline Systems BOSCH proposal: General outline  Using same measurement of the vehicle on dyno according WLTP type approval testing conditions Time resolved recording of fuel consumption necessary  Identify phases with low engine power demands using a power threshold & mark these phases as Coasting phases.  Choose the power threshold so that Coasting time share in cycle matches average Coasting time chare in real life.  Subtract respective zero/idle fuel consumption for identified Coasting phases from the original fuel consumption Idea: Coasting occurs whenever power demand to ICE is low! Account low power phases in test cycle with zero/idle consumption! 3

GS/ESC | 21/05/2014 | © Robert Bosch GmbH All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. Coasting in WLTP: BOSCH proposal Gasoline Systems  Base Start/Stop shows many low power (<5kW) operating points  With Coasting engine off: shift of low power towards zero-power & zero- engine speed operating points  Base Start/Stop shows many low power (<5kW) operating points  With Coasting engine off: shift of low power towards zero-power & zero- engine speed operating points engine power [kW] Simulation WLTP compact class GDI T/C 1.4l, 90kW 6-gear MT Simulation WLTP compact class GDI T/C 1.4l, 90kW 6-gear MT engine speed [rpm] Engine operating points with Coasting engine off probability [-] 4

GS/ESC | 21/05/2014 | © Robert Bosch GmbH All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. Coasting in WLTP: BOSCH proposal Gasoline Systems  Base Start/Stop shows many low power (<5kW) operating points  With Coasting engine idling: shift of low power towards zero- power & idling- engine speed operating points  Base Start/Stop shows many low power (<5kW) operating points  With Coasting engine idling: shift of low power towards zero- power & idling- engine speed operating points engine power [kW] Simulation WLTP compact class GDI T/C 1.4l, 90kW 6-gear MT Simulation WLTP compact class GDI T/C 1.4l, 90kW 6-gear MT engine speed [rpm] Engine operating points with Coasting engine idling probability [-] 5

GS/ESC | 21/05/2014 | © Robert Bosch GmbH All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. Coasting in WLTP: BOSCH proposal Gasoline Systems Summary  Basic idea of BOSCH proposal: Follows the logic of coasting in real life driving Quantifies coasting fuel consumption benefit on the basis of original WLTP type approval test measurement  Proposal matches real life benefits No need for complicated cycle modification No need for speed tolerance widening One set value only: Coasting time share  Proposal can be easily integrated into WLTP GTR. No need for additional, special modified test cycle on dyno. 6 WLTP Task force “Sailing” should consider BOSCH proposal for further work.