Scientific Investigations D. Crowley, 2007

Scientific Investigations To know how to plan a scientific investigation Meissner Effect

Respiration & Circulation Look at the following statements – are they true or false? –Blood takes waste carbon dioxide away from cells –Red blood cells transport oxygen to the organs? –Cells need oxygen to release large amounts of energy? –Glucose molecules release energy during respiration? –White blood cells transport oxygen? –Carbon dioxide is produced during aerobic respiration? –Oxygen is produced during aerobic respiration? –Aerobic respiration is involves glucose + oxygen? –A person with a low amount of red blood cells would lack energy? –Blood transports glucose to cells? –Blood takes carbon dioxide to cells? All the true statements are extremely important key ideas for respiration and circulation True False True False True False

Respiration What is respiration?! Respiration takes place in the cells (it is not “breathing in and out”) Respiration is the release of energy (from glucose) in our cells Animals and plants respire glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + (energy) C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + (energy) Respiration is the process of converting glucose to energy, occurring in every cell

Circulation What is the function of the circulatory system (what does it do)? Answer this question in your book The circulatory system is the body's main transport system, carrying food and oxygen to the cells and taking waste products (carbon dioxide) away At the lungs oxygen diffuses into the blood, which is then transported around the body. Glucose, absorbed via the digestive system, is also carried in the blood (these are needed for respiration). Carbon dioxide (waste) is taken from the respiring cells, and diffuses out of the blood at the lungs. The heart pumps this blood around the body (to the lungs first, then back to the heart, then out to the body, and back to the heart! Arteries carry blood away from the heart, and veins carry it back. Capillaries are extremely narrow tubes which carry blood through our tissues: their walls are just one cell thick - so thin that oxygen, food and waste products can easily pass through them

Practical You will be carrying out an experiment to investigate how pulse rate and recovery rate are affected by exercise This experiment is completely up to you, however you will be marked on your planning, experimentation, and your interpretation of results Key info: –Resting rate (number of beats per minute at rest) –Breathing rate (number of breathes per minute) –Recovery rate (time taken to return to resting rate) If your resting rate is 60 beats per minute this will increase during exercise. The time taken after exercise has ceased to get back to this resting rate is your recover rate (e.g. it took six minutes to get back to the resting rate of 60 beats per minute)