The “ Era of Good Feelings ” ( ) ( )

The Election of 1816

James Monroe [ ] Republican Part of Virginia dynasty Part of the emerging nationalism –Good will tour –Inspect military defenses

Era of Good Feelings? Positives –Tranquility –Prosperity –Nationalism Troubling Issues –Tariff –The Bank –Internal improvements –Sale of public lands Crystallizing of sectionalism Conflict over slavery

Panic of 1819 Contraction due to inflation, depression, bankruptcies, bank failures, unemployment, debtor’s prisons Overspeculation of the frontier lands Bank of the US forced western banks to foreclose on farms –US Bank looks like devil to foreclosees Poorer classes were troubled –Inhumanity of debtor’s prisons

Growing Pains of the West 9 states had joined the union –Admitted alternately free and slave Land exhaustion forced farmers west Generals Harrison and Jackson pacified the frontier Creation of the Cumberland Road Land Act of 1820 – authorized buyers to purchase 80 acres at $1.25/acre minimum

US Population Density

John Quincy Adams: John Quincy Adams: A bulldog among spaniels! Secretary of State under Monroe Negotiated treaties with Britain and Spain Treaty of 1818 with UK –Share Newfoundland fisheries –Share Oregon –Set 49° as northern boundary

The Convention of 1818

Florida Remained under Spanish control after War of 1812 South American revolutions forced Spain to take attention away from Florida Jackson saw opportunity to combat Seminole Indians and capture fugitive slaves –Seized St. Marks and Pensacola Adams negotiated the “Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819” – Spain ceded Florida in exchange for Texas

Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819

The West & the NW:

Slavery and the Sectional Balance Rivalry was beginning between the free North and the slave South over the West 1819 – Tension erupts as Missouri requests admission to US as a slave state House of Reps denies it by passing Tallmadge Amendment

The Tallmadge Amendment p No more slaves shall be brought into Missouri pAll slaves born in Missouri after the territory became a state would be freed at the age of 25. p Passed by the House, not in the Senate. p The North controlled the House, and the South had enough power to block it in the Senate.

Missouri Compromise Congress agreed to admit Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state –Balance between N and S remained intact All future slavery was prohibited in LA territory north of 36°30’ Compromise lasted 34 years

The Election of 1820

The Monroe Doctrine, What would the US do if the warning was not headed? Monroe Doctrine 2.What warning is given to the European countries? 1.What foreign policy principles are established? p Referred to as America’s Self-Defense Doctrine.

The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain ”

CandidatePopular Vote Electoral Vote Andrew Jackson43%99 J.Q. Adams31%84 William Crawford 13%41 Henry Clay13%37

Adams wins the Election Jackson did not have a majority in the Electoral College –House of Reps makes decision Henry Clay – Speaker of the House had considerable influence –Chose Adams – most similar politically –“Corrupt Bargain” – became Sec. of State