English Colonial Expansion. 1500s Spain and Portugal had huge empires England by the 1600 began to expand into the Americas and Asia.

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Presentation transcript:

English Colonial Expansion

1500s Spain and Portugal had huge empires England by the 1600 began to expand into the Americas and Asia

English Explores/Sea Dogs John Cabot explored Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and New England. England has a claim but will wait until the 1600s to develop Sea Dogs

Elizabeth I hired men like Sir John Hawkins, Sir Francis Drake, and Sir Walter Raleigh Pirates who attacked Spanish and Portugal shipping England denied involvement but were involved in their plunder

The Sea Dogs helped play a role in the defeat of the Spanish Armada They also helped build a little island into a sea faring nation state

English in India With the Spanish threat eliminated in 1588 Elizabeth expanded empire Granted charter to English East India Company The company slowly increased control over India –help weak local leader, defeat stronger leaders give gifts to bribe other leaders Company would rule India into the 1800s

England and North America Slow to explore – No Gold right away!!!! Hoped to find the Northwest Passage As England explored for NWP began to set up colonies The first permanent settlement was Jamestown, VA the second one was Plymouth (in Massachusetts)

Most settlements for $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Investors hope that settlements would make home country more self-sufficient Few made money on the early settlements Most people came for political and religious freedoms and to make a better life for them selves

Used two types of servants in the colonies Indentured servants and Slaves What set the British empire apart from all other empires was the use of Self Government MOST settlements had some form of representative body. True power still rested in England!!!!

Mercantilism "We must always take heed that we buy no more from strangers than we sell them, for so should we impoverish ourselves and enrich them."-Sir Thomas Smith Because of this idea England involved itself in making the colonies as profitable as possible Colonies job – supply home with raw materials and be a market for England to sell their goods. Started to pass laws to make sure the colonies continued to make $$$ for the Empire

Examples of Mercantilist laws – Navigation Act of 1651 Certain products only sold to England Only use British ships Could not sell products to other countries These regulation lead = resentment and colonist not paying taxes to smuggling England did not heavily enforce these acts – PROBLEM?