What is the most used source of Fuel in Africa? Explain your answer

Fuel woood By the end of the lesson you will; 1)Be able to explain impacts of these methods of fuel production on the environment 2)Be able to explain the different solutions available to reduce the impacts of this energy type 3)Apply new knowledge

Peer assessment;

Impact of Transnational Companies on Oil production Task 1.Look through the list of the top 25 companies around the worldtop 25 2.How many of them are linked to Oil and Gas? 3.How do you think this links into their overall political influence around the world? Task 2 Watch the following video clipvideo clip Why do you think BP is powerful in the UK? What elements of energy production is BP involved in? Make sure that you add in figures to back up your ideas

The Fuel wood Crisis; Task 1.Each pair has some information on the cause, effect or solutions to the fuel wood crisis. 2.Read through the information 3.Be ready to add in as much information to the spider diagram as possible Key Questions Why is there a fuel wood crisis in Africa? What impact does it have on the cities and countryside? How does it affect the lives of people? How does it have an impact on the environment? Why is the Sahel an Important region? What can be done to help the area? How effective do you think these solutions will be?

Why is deforestation so bad? Task 1.Why do you think that deforestation is a bad idea? 2.Try to use each of the different key words 3.Think back to GCSE Desertification Key Words Interception Leaf drip Roots Fertile Evapo-transpiration Sahel Percolation Erosion Overland flow Nutrients Evaporation Shade Heat Grazing

Cycle of deprivation ; the Fuel wood crisis Task 1.Study the following statements 2.Put them in the correct order to show the impacts of fuel wood consumption The population of a country growsThey will also have laves that will intercept the rainwater falling Over time, the overall cover of land with forest will reduce Without interception happening, there will be a far greater amount of water fall on the soil in one go The running water will take soil away with it (erosion) This means that more fuel wood is needed Tress will then be cut down from the surrounding areas When the weather is hot and dry there will be less shade due to less trees The trees will have roots that hold the soil together This will drain away in small streamsThe means that the soil will dry out quickly This will lead to greater erosion when it is windy This can lead to the formation of desert in the long term The areas most at risk are the semi arid regions on the edge of deserts (e.g. Sahel) Cow dung may be burnt as an alterntive source of energy This may lead to less fertile land as nutrients are not put back in With no tress, plants and animals are not attracted to the area Plant and animal waste will not add fertility to the soil Extension; what is the answer to this issue?

Key Facts  Most wood for fuel is used for cooking (90% in Burkina Faso)  40% of the worlds trees are being cut down  Urban areas are growing rapidly  Most of the fuel will be charcoal as it it lighter however it is 40% less efficient than wood. This means that more wood must be cut down to cater for the needs of the population in cities  Some countries have made charcoal production illegal as it accelerates deforestation  Countries like Burkina Faso have now made it a job that requires a permit – this means to afford the permits people chop down even more trees!

Fuel woood By the end of the lesson you will; 1)Be able to explain impacts of these methods of fuel production on the environment 2)Be able to explain the different solutions available to reduce the impacts of this energy type 3)Apply new knowledge

Global links Task 1.How can the fuel wood crisis have an impact globally? 2.Add in as many points to a spider diagram

Reducing the impacts; Task Watch the following video clipvideo clip Answer the following question; 1.What are they doing to reduce the impacts of Fuel wood? 2.Why do you think this is good? 3.What do you think are the negative impacts of this? 4.Do you think that this is sustainable? Key ideas Acacia trees are planted in areas of desert They provide nutrients for other plants in the area Restores fertility of the soil Natural and found locally People are educated as to how to reduce the impacts of desertification Food for animals – reduces risk of overgrazing Money for locals (don’t cut down trees) Value the resources rather than cut them down Aiming to produce a green corridor along the whole of the Sahel region

Energy Efficient Stoves Task Read through the following article 1.What is the charity doing? 2.How does this help the people? 3.How does it help the environment? 4.How does it reduce the impacts of the Fuel wood Crisis?

Fuel woood By the end of the lesson you will; 1)Be able to explain impacts of these methods of fuel production on the environment 2)Be able to explain the different solutions available to reduce the impacts of this energy type 3)Apply new knowledge

Applying new knowledge

Fuel woood By the end of the lesson you will; 1)Be able to explain impacts of these methods of fuel production on the environment 2)Be able to explain the different solutions available to reduce the impacts of this energy type 3)Apply new knowledge

What have you learnt?