1. January 20, 2017
Agenda
• Environment Vocab (10)
• Africa’s Environmental Issues(11)
• Environmental Issues Study Guide(12)
Warm-up
• Why do people want to live in the Savanna in Africa?
Homework: review today’s material

2. •The Savanna provides much needed water for life and many job opportunities.

3. Unit 8: People and Places of Africa
1.Unit 8 Standards
2.Warmup (1/9 –1/13)
3.Geography of Africa
4.Political Map
5. Physical Map
6. Biomes Review
7. Climate Zone Facts
8. Impact of Location
9. Warmup (1/16-1/20)
10. Environment Vocab
11. Africa’s Environmental Issues
12.Environmental Issues Study Guide

6. Savanna

7. Sahel

8. Caption
•A title or brief explanation appended (added) to an article, illustration, cartoon, or poster.

10. Slash and burn agriculture
Vocabulary Term
Definition
Deforestation
when all of the trees in an area are cut clear for farming, animal grazing, or for use as firewood
Slash and burn agriculture
cutting down and burning an area of forest land to create fertile soil for farming
Desertification
when farming or grazing land is permanently converted into unusable desert land
Drought
a shortage of rainfall
Over cultivation
farming an area of land too much, or in the wrong way, causing the soil’s nutrients to be used up faster than they can be replaced
Over grazing
when farm animals feed off a piece of land too often for the plants to grow back
poaching
illegal hunting of certain species of animals
pollution
the contamination of air, water, or soil by substances that are harmful to living things

12. Deforestation, and Desertification
Population Increase,
Deforestation, and Desertification
in Africa

13. Forests: a critical resource
•More than 1 billion people live in or around forests and use forest resources for:
•70 million Indigenous Peoples living in remote areas depend completely on forest resources for their livelihoods
-Food
-Timber
-Fuel
-Medicine
-Income
-Clean Water
-Building material
-Spirituality
-Recreation

14. Why does the Africa suffer from desertification?
a typical example
Population Increases
More demand for energy More demand for cattle
Deforestation for firewood Grassland suffers over grazing
Roots no longer hold soil together Roots get eaten as well as grass
Leaves no longer protect soil from weather Less vegetation means less protection from weather
Loose topsoil blown away by wind Loose topsoil blown away by wind (Soil Erosion) (Soil Erosion)
= =
desertification

15. Need proof this is happening in Africa?
Satellite imagery from the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)

16. Population Growth Around Lake Victoria 1960
•The population growth around 100 km buffer zone of the Lake Victoria
•Population growth around Lake Victoria, East Africa, is the highest in Africa

17. Population Growth Around Lake Victoria 2010
•Population growth around Lake Victoria, East Africa, is the highest in Africa

18. Tai National Park, Côte d’Ivoire –site of world’s highest deforestation rate
These images show deforestation rate in the area, believed to be one of the highest in the world
•1988: Shows destruction of small forest fragments

19. Tai National Park, Côte d’Ivoire –site of world’s highest deforestation rate
These images show deforestation rate in the area, believed to be one of the highest in the world
•2002: The lighter green strip bisecting the images is the result of extensive deforestation and intensive cultivation

20. Deforestation Around Lake Nakuru, Kenya
These images show the land cover degradation in the lake’s catchment
•1973: The area that hosts the world’s largest concentration of flamingos

21. Deforestation Around Lake Nakuru, Kenya
These images show the land cover degradation in the lake’s catchment
•2000: Much less green shows that huge areas of forest are gone.

22. Desertification in Ravene, Senegal
Images show impact of drought and over-grazing on the woody vegetation
•1965: Ancient valleys cutting through gravelly plateaus, with extensive bushland vegetation
•The image looks fuzzy because of all of the plant life

23. Desertification in Ravene, Senegal
Harsh edges show rocks: no more plants.
•1999: desertification spreads extensively along the shallow valley slopes

24. Desertification leaves the land barren and unable to support agriculture

25. Africa’s Environmental Issues NB 11 Environmental Issues Study Guide

26. Why is it important to preserve wildlife?
Daily Closing
Why is it important to preserve wildlife?